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crew

im token2.0钱包下载|crew

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2024-03-08 23:16:45

CREW | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

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English (UK)

English

Meaning of crew in English

crewnoun uk

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/kruː/ us

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/kruː/

crew noun

(group of people)

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B1 [ C, + sing/pl verb ] a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, aircraft, etc.: an ambulance/a lifeboat crew a TV/film/camera crew The aircraft has a crew of seven. All 44 passengers and crew were killed when the boat sank. See also

aircrew

cabin crew

ground crew

[ C ] the people who work on a ship, aircraft, etc. who are not officers: Apart from the ten officers, a crew of 90 takes care of the 300 passengers.

More examplesFewer examplesA Spanish crew member had been washed overboard in the storm.He is a member of our camera crew.Ambulance crews battled to rescue people trapped in the wreckage.

SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Air travel: workers on/with aircraft & spacecraft

air hostess

air marshal

air traffic controller

aircrew

astronaut

aviator

baggage handling

cabin crew

co-pilot

cosmonaut

flight attendant

ground crew

navigator

parachutist

purser

screener

sky marshal

skycap

spacewoman

wingman

See more results »

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

People who work on boats & ships

Groups of people

crew noun

(rowing)

[ U ] US the sport of rowing a boat (= causing it to move through water using poles with flat ends called oars): She donated millions of dollars to make women's crew a varsity sport. I'd never participated in any team sports until I did crew.row crew Porterfield would go on to row crew for the US national team. He plays hockey and rows on the crew team.

Robert Llewellyn/Corbis/GettyImages

crewverb [ I or T ] uk

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/kruː/ us

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/kruː/

If you crew a boat, or crew for someone on their boat, you help to sail it.

SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Sailing & boating

age of sail

aweigh

bale

bargee

bargeman

bear away

maritime

ocean-going

outsail

portage

rafter

rafting

sail

sailing

sea legs

seafaring

seamanship

seaworthy

shipboard

under sail idiom

See more results »

(Definition of crew from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)

crew | American Dictionary

crewnoun [ C/U ] us

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/kru/

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all the people who work together, esp. to operate a ship or aircraft, or all the people of lower rank: [ U ] The captain and crew would like to welcome you on board. [ C ] Jack worked on a road-repair crew.

(Definition of crew from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

crew | Business English

crewnoun [ C, usually singular ] uk

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/kruː/ us

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Add to word list

a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, plane, etc.: an ambulance/lifeboat crew a TV/film/camera crew The aircraft has/carries a crew of seven.

the people who work on a ship, plane, etc. who are not officers: Apart from the 10 officers, a crew of 90 looks after the 300 passengers.

(Definition of crew from the Cambridge Business English Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

What is the pronunciation of crew?

Translations of crew

in Chinese (Traditional)

全體工作人員, （尤指）全體船員，全體機組人員，全體乘務人員, （除官員之外的）全體船員…

in Chinese (Simplified)

全体工作人员, （尤指）全体船员，全体机组人员，全体乘务人员, （除官员之外的）全体船员…

in Spanish

tripulación, remo, equipo [masculine]…

in Portuguese

tripulação, tripulação [feminine], equipe [feminine]…

in more languages

in Marathi

in Japanese

in Turkish

in French

in Catalan

in Dutch

in Tamil

in Hindi

in Gujarati

in Danish

in Swedish

in Malay

in German

in Norwegian

in Urdu

in Ukrainian

in Russian

in Telugu

in Arabic

in Bengali

in Czech

in Indonesian

in Thai

in Vietnamese

in Polish

in Korean

in Italian

लोकांचा एक गट जो एकत्र काम करतो, विशेषत: जे जहाज, विमान इत्यादींवर काम करतात आणि चालवतात.…

乗務員, チーム, 仲間（なかま）…

mürettebat, ekip, tayfa…

équipage [masculine], équipe [feminine], bande [feminine]…

tripulació, equip…

bemanning, gezelschap, deel uitmaken van de bemanning…

ஒன்றாக வேலை செய்யும் மக்கள் குழு, குறிப்பாக ஒரு கப்பல், விமானம் போன்றவற்றில் வேலை செய்பவர்கள் மற்றும் இயக்குபவர்கள்.…

(जहाज़ या विमान के सारे कर्मचारी) क्रू, दल, दस्ता…

કર્મચારીગણ, ટુકડી…

besætning, mandskab, slæng…

besättning, gäng, jobba i ngns lag (gäng…

kakitangan, krew, menyertai…

die Besatzung, die Bande, einspringen…

besetning [masculine], lag [neuter], team [neuter]…

عملہ (ہوائی جہاز یا بحری جہاز چلانے اور انتظام کرنے والا عملہ), بحری جہاز, طیارہ وغیرہ پر کام کرنےوالےافراد…

команда, екіпаж, бути членом команди…

команда, экипаж, бригада…

క్రూ, కలిసి పనిచేసే వ్యక్తుల సమూహం, ముఖ్యంగా ఓడ…

طاقَم…

জাহাজ, নৌকো, বিমান…

posádka, banda, být členem posádky…

awak, kelompok, menjadi awak…

ลูกเรือ, กลุ่มคน, เป็นลูกมือ…

thủy thủ đoàn, phi đội, bọn…

załoga, ekipa, zgraja…

승무원, (특정 기술을 가지고 함께 일하는) 팀, 조…

equipaggio, squadra (di soccorso), troupe (di un film)…

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cretinous

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

crevasse

crevice

crew

crew chief

crew cut

crew member

crew neck

More meanings of crew

All

crow

crew cut

skeleton crew

crew neck

cabin crew

crew chief

crew member

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Word of the Day

healthspan

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/ˈhelθ.spæn/

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/ˈhelθ.spæn/

the number of years that someone lives or can expect to live in reasonably good health

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Noun

crew (group of people)

crew (rowing)

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CREW | Định nghĩa trong Từ điển tiếng Anh Cambridge

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Ý nghĩa của crew trong tiếng Anh

crewnoun uk

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/kruː/ us

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/kruː/

crew noun

(group of people)

Add to word list

aircrew

cabin crew

ground crew

[ C ] the people who work on a ship, aircraft, etc. who are not officers: Apart from the ten officers, a crew of 90 takes care of the 300 passengers.

Thêm các ví dụBớt các ví dụA Spanish crew member had been washed overboard in the storm.He is a member of our camera crew.Ambulance crews battled to rescue people trapped in the wreckage.

SMART Vocabulary: các từ liên quan và các cụm từ

Air travel: workers on/with aircraft & spacecraft

air hostess

air marshal

air traffic controller

aircrew

astronaut

aviator

baggage handling

cabin crew

co-pilot

cosmonaut

flight attendant

ground crew

navigator

parachutist

purser

screener

sky marshal

skycap

spacewoman

wingman

Xem thêm kết quả »

Bạn cũng có thể tìm các từ liên quan, các cụm từ và từ đồng nghĩa trong các chủ đề này:

People who work on boats & ships

Groups of people

crew noun

(rowing)

Robert Llewellyn/Corbis/GettyImages

crewverb [ I or T ] uk

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/kruː/ us

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/kruː/

If you crew a boat, or crew for someone on their boat, you help to sail it.

SMART Vocabulary: các từ liên quan và các cụm từ

Sailing & boating

age of sail

aweigh

bale

bargee

bargeman

bear away

maritime

ocean-going

outsail

portage

rafter

rafting

sail

sailing

sea legs

seafaring

seamanship

seaworthy

shipboard

under sail idiom

Xem thêm kết quả »

(Định nghĩa của crew từ Từ điển & Từ đồng nghĩa Cambridge dành cho Người học Nâng cao © Cambridge University Press)

crew | Từ điển Anh Mỹ

crewnoun [ C/U ] us

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/kru/

Add to word list

(Định nghĩa của crew từ Từ điển Học thuật Cambridge © Cambridge University Press)

crew | Tiếng Anh Thương Mại

crewnoun [ C, usually singular ] uk

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/kruː/ us

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

Add to word list

a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, plane, etc.: an ambulance/lifeboat crew a TV/film/camera crew The aircraft has/carries a crew of seven.

the people who work on a ship, plane, etc. who are not officers: Apart from the 10 officers, a crew of 90 looks after the 300 passengers.

(Định nghĩa của crew từ Từ điển Cambridge Tiếng Anh Doanh nghiệp © Cambridge University Press)

Phát âm của crew là gì?

Bản dịch của crew

trong tiếng Trung Quốc (Phồn thể)

全體工作人員, （尤指）全體船員，全體機組人員，全體乘務人員, （除官員之外的）全體船員…

Xem thêm

trong tiếng Trung Quốc (Giản thể)

全体工作人员, （尤指）全体船员，全体机组人员，全体乘务人员, （除官员之外的）全体船员…

Xem thêm

trong tiếng Tây Ban Nha

tripulación, remo, equipo [masculine]…

Xem thêm

trong tiếng Bồ Đào Nha

tripulação, tripulação [feminine], equipe [feminine]…

Xem thêm

trong tiếng Việt

thủy thủ đoàn, phi đội, bọn…

Xem thêm

trong những ngôn ngữ khác

in Marathi

trong tiếng Nhật

trong tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ

trong tiếng Pháp

trong tiếng Catalan

in Dutch

in Tamil

in Hindi

in Gujarati

trong tiếng Đan Mạch

in Swedish

trong tiếng Malay

trong tiếng Đức

trong tiếng Na Uy

in Urdu

in Ukrainian

trong tiếng Nga

in Telugu

trong tiếng Ả Rập

in Bengali

trong tiếng Séc

trong tiếng Indonesia

trong tiếng Thái

trong tiếng Ba Lan

trong tiếng Hàn Quốc

trong tiếng Ý

Xem thêm

乗務員, チーム, 仲間（なかま）…

Xem thêm

mürettebat, ekip, tayfa…

Xem thêm

équipage [masculine], équipe [feminine], bande [feminine]…

Xem thêm

tripulació, equip…

Xem thêm

bemanning, gezelschap, deel uitmaken van de bemanning…

Xem thêm

(जहाज़ या विमान के सारे कर्मचारी) क्रू, दल, दस्ता…

Xem thêm

કર્મચારીગણ, ટુકડી…

Xem thêm

besætning, mandskab, slæng…

Xem thêm

besättning, gäng, jobba i ngns lag (gäng…

Xem thêm

kakitangan, krew, menyertai…

Xem thêm

die Besatzung, die Bande, einspringen…

Xem thêm

besetning [masculine], lag [neuter], team [neuter]…

Xem thêm

عملہ (ہوائی جہاز یا بحری جہاز چلانے اور انتظام کرنے والا عملہ), بحری جہاز, طیارہ وغیرہ پر کام کرنےوالےافراد…

Xem thêm

команда, екіпаж, бути членом команди…

Xem thêm

команда, экипаж, бригада…

Xem thêm

క్రూ, కలిసి పనిచేసే వ్యక్తుల సమూహం, ముఖ్యంగా ఓడ…

Xem thêm

طاقَم…

Xem thêm

জাহাজ, নৌকো, বিমান…

Xem thêm

posádka, banda, být členem posádky…

Xem thêm

awak, kelompok, menjadi awak…

Xem thêm

ลูกเรือ, กลุ่มคน, เป็นลูกมือ…

Xem thêm

załoga, ekipa, zgraja…

Xem thêm

승무원, (특정 기술을 가지고 함께 일하는) 팀, 조…

Xem thêm

equipaggio, squadra (di soccorso), troupe (di un film)…

Xem thêm

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Nhận một bản dịch nhanh và miễn phí!

Công cụ dịch

Tìm kiếm

cretinous

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

crevasse

crevice

crew

crew chief

crew cut

crew member

crew neck

Thêm nghĩa của crew

Tất cả

crow

crew cut

skeleton crew

crew neck

cabin crew

crew chief

crew member

Xem tất cả các định nghĩa

Từ của Ngày

healthspan

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/ˈhelθ.spæn/

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/ˈhelθ.spæn/

the number of years that someone lives or can expect to live in reasonably good health

Về việc này

Trang nhật ký cá nhân

Forget doing it or forget to do it? Avoiding common mistakes with verb patterns (2)

March 06, 2024

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March 04, 2024

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Noun

crew (group of people)

crew (rowing)

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CREW | 意味, Cambridge 英語辞書での定義

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英語での crew の意味

crewnoun uk

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/kruː/ us

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/kruː/

crew noun

(group of people)

Add to word list

aircrew

cabin crew

ground crew

[ C ] the people who work on a ship, aircraft, etc. who are not officers: Apart from the ten officers, a crew of 90 takes care of the 300 passengers.

例文をもっと見る例を減らすA Spanish crew member had been washed overboard in the storm.He is a member of our camera crew.Ambulance crews battled to rescue people trapped in the wreckage.

SMART Vocabulary: 関連した語句

Air travel: workers on/with aircraft & spacecraft

air hostess

air marshal

air traffic controller

aircrew

astronaut

aviator

baggage handling

cabin crew

co-pilot

cosmonaut

flight attendant

ground crew

navigator

parachutist

purser

screener

sky marshal

skycap

spacewoman

wingman

トピックで関連した単語、句、類義語も探せます:

People who work on boats & ships

Groups of people

crew noun

(rowing)

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crewverb [ I or T ] uk

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/kruː/ us

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/kruː/

If you crew a boat, or crew for someone on their boat, you help to sail it.

SMART Vocabulary: 関連した語句

Sailing & boating

age of sail

aweigh

bale

bargee

bargeman

bear away

maritime

ocean-going

outsail

portage

rafter

rafting

sail

sailing

sea legs

seafaring

seamanship

seaworthy

shipboard

under sail idiom

(Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus からの crew の定義 © Cambridge University Press)

crew | アメリカ英語辞典

crewnoun [ C/U ] us

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/kru/

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(Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary からの crew の定義 © Cambridge University Press)

crew | ビジネス英語

crewnoun [ C, usually singular ] uk

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/kruː/ us

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Add to word list

a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, plane, etc.: an ambulance/lifeboat crew a TV/film/camera crew The aircraft has/carries a crew of seven.

the people who work on a ship, plane, etc. who are not officers: Apart from the 10 officers, a crew of 90 looks after the 300 passengers.

(Cambridge ビジネス英語辞典からの crew の定義 © Cambridge University Press)

crew の発音は？

crew の翻訳

中国語（繁字体）で

全體工作人員, （尤指）全體船員，全體機組人員，全體乘務人員, （除官員之外的）全體船員…

中国語（簡字体）で

全体工作人员, （尤指）全体船员，全体机组人员，全体乘务人员, （除官员之外的）全体船员…

スペイン語で

tripulación, remo, equipo [masculine]…

ポルトガル語で

tripulação, tripulação [feminine], equipe [feminine]…

日本語で

乗務員, チーム, 仲間（なかま）…

それ以外の言語で

in Marathi

トルコ語で

フランス語で

カタロニア語で

in Dutch

in Tamil

in Hindi

in Gujarati

デンマーク語で

in Swedish

マレーシア語で

ドイツ語で

ノルウェー語で

in Urdu

in Ukrainian

ロシア語で

in Telugu

アラビア語で

in Bengali

チェコ語で

インドネシア語で

タイ語で

ベトナム語で

ポーランド語で

韓国語で

イタリア語で

mürettebat, ekip, tayfa…

équipage [masculine], équipe [feminine], bande [feminine]…

tripulació, equip…

bemanning, gezelschap, deel uitmaken van de bemanning…

(जहाज़ या विमान के सारे कर्मचारी) क्रू, दल, दस्ता…

કર્મચારીગણ, ટુકડી…

besætning, mandskab, slæng…

besättning, gäng, jobba i ngns lag (gäng…

kakitangan, krew, menyertai…

die Besatzung, die Bande, einspringen…

besetning [masculine], lag [neuter], team [neuter]…

عملہ (ہوائی جہاز یا بحری جہاز چلانے اور انتظام کرنے والا عملہ), بحری جہاز, طیارہ وغیرہ پر کام کرنےوالےافراد…

команда, екіпаж, бути членом команди…

команда, экипаж, бригада…

క్రూ, కలిసి పనిచేసే వ్యక్తుల సమూహం, ముఖ్యంగా ఓడ…

طاقَم…

জাহাজ, নৌকো, বিমান…

posádka, banda, být členem posádky…

awak, kelompok, menjadi awak…

ลูกเรือ, กลุ่มคน, เป็นลูกมือ…

thủy thủ đoàn, phi đội, bọn…

załoga, ekipa, zgraja…

승무원, (특정 기술을 가지고 함께 일하는) 팀, 조…

equipaggio, squadra (di soccorso), troupe (di un film)…

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cretinous

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

crevasse

crevice

crew

crew chief

crew cut

crew member

crew neck

crew の意味をもっと見る

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crow

crew cut

skeleton crew

crew neck

cabin crew

crew chief

crew member

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今日の言葉

healthspan

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/ˈhelθ.spæn/

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/ˈhelθ.spæn/

the number of years that someone lives or can expect to live in reasonably good health

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Airline crew scheduling: models, algorithms, and data sets | EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics

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EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics

Article

Airline crew scheduling: models, algorithms, and data sets

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Published: 27 February 2015

Volume 6, pages 111–137, (2017)

Cite this article

EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics

Atoosa Kasirzadeh1, Mohammed Saddoune1,2 & François Soumis1

2661 Accesses

72 Citations

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AbstractThe airline crew scheduling problem has received extensive attention, particularly in the last 60 years. This problem is frequently divided into crew pairing and crew assignment because of its large size and the complex safety agreements and contractual rules. Several solution methodologies have been developed, but many objectives and constraints are treated approximately and research is ongoing. In this paper, we present a comprehensive problem definition for the airline crew scheduling problem, and we review existing problem formulations and solution methodologies. In addition, we formulate the personalized cockpit crew scheduling problem as a set covering problem and we solve it using column generation. We present computational results for real data from a major US carrier, and we describe the data sets (available on the internet) in detail to establish a basis for future research.

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Fig. 1Fig. 2

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Download referencesAcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and a collaborative R&D grant from AD OPT, a division of Kronos. Thanks are due to the personnel of AD OPT, a division of Kronos, for providing the data sets and the GENCOL software library. The authors are thankful to Frédéric Quesnel for his help in preparing the data sets and generators. The authors are grateful to the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments.Author informationAuthors and AffiliationsDepartment of Mathematics and Industrial Engineering, GERAD and École Polytechnique de Montréal, Succ. Centre-Ville, C.P. 6079, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, CanadaAtoosa Kasirzadeh, Mohammed Saddoune & François SoumisUniversité Hassan II, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Mohammedia, BP 146, 20650, Mohammedia, MoroccoMohammed SaddouneAuthorsAtoosa KasirzadehView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarMohammed SaddouneView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

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Atoosa Kasirzadeh.Rights and permissionsReprints and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articleKasirzadeh, A., Saddoune, M. & Soumis, F. Airline crew scheduling: models, algorithms, and data sets.

EURO J Transp Logist 6, 111–137 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13676-015-0080-xDownload citationReceived: 31 March 2014Accepted: 13 February 2015Published: 27 February 2015Issue Date: June 2017DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13676-015-0080-xShare this articleAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard

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KeywordsAirline crew schedulingCrew schedulingCrew pairingCrew assignmentPersonalized crew assignmentColumn generationData setMathematics Subject Classification90Cxx90B0690-XX

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Tag: SpaceX Crew-7

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7 Go for Launch to Space Station

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7 crew members are photographed in the Dragon Endurance spacecraft during a dry dress rehearsal at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Aug. 22, 2023. From left are Roscosmos cosmonaut Konstantin Borisov, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Andreas Mogensen, NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli, and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Satoshi Furukawa. Photo credit: SpaceX

NASA, SpaceX, and international partners have completed the launch readiness review for the agency’s Crew-7 mission to the International Space Station. Crew-7 managers gathered at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 9 p.m. EDT Wednesday to review the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon spacecraft readiness and decided launch is “Go” for liftoff to the space station. Launch now is targeted for 3:50 a.m. EDT Friday, Aug. 25, from Kennedy’s Launch Complex 39A. If needed, a backup launch opportunity is available at 3:27 a.m. Saturday, Aug. 26.

On Wednesday, rocket and ground systems engineering teams completed the detailed data reviews following the integrated static fire of the Falcon 9 rocket conducted the day before at Launch Complex 39A. Falcon 9 performance was normal, resulting in a successful full duration static fire of all nine Merlin first-stage engines.

Operations teams are not tracking any major issues with Falcon 9 or the Dragon spacecraft. NASA and SpaceX spent Wednesday working toward final launch readiness, with remaining work expected to be completed ahead of launch.

The International Space Station Program is monitoring the potential need for a debris avoidance maneuver early afternoon Thursday, Aug. 24, for the orbital outpost. Space station mission control trajectory teams are tracking the debris and determining whether a short duration burn of the station’s thrusters would be required. If needed, the maneuver is not expected to impact the planned arrival of the Roscosmos ISS Progress cargo spacecraft also on Thursday. More information will be provided as orbital trajectory teams review the data and determine whether the debris would fly in the vicinity of the space station requiring a change in station’s altitude.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7 crew members arrive at Launch Complex 39A during a dry dress rehearsal at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Aug. 22, 2023. Photo credit: SpaceX

On Tuesday, Crew-7 NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli, commander; ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Andreas Mogensen, pilot; and mission specialists JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Konstantin Borisov participated in a rehearsal of launch day activities in preparation for the upcoming Crew-7 launch.

Rehearsal began with launch teams assisting Crew-7 crewmates into their SpaceX spacesuits inside the Astronaut Crew Quarters at Kennedy’s Neil A. Armstrong Operations and Checkout Building – just as they will on launch day. Next, the crew took the elevator down to the ground floor and exited the building’s double doors, where Tesla Model X vehicles were waiting to drive them the short distance to the launch site.

After they arrived at the launch pad, Moghbeli, Mogensen, Furukawa, and Borisov rode the launch tower’s elevator up to the crew access arm – the walkway they will use to enter Dragon, named Endurance. Once securely seated inside, the crew members checked their communications systems and performed seat rotation and suit leak checks. The rehearsal concluded with closure of the spacecraft’s side hatch, which normally occurs about one hour and 25 minutes before liftoff.

Forecasters with Cape Canaveral Space Force Station’s 45th Weather Squadron predict a 90% chance of favorable weather conditions for launch, with the cumulus cloud rule serving as the primary weather concern.

Starting at 11:45 p.m. EDT Thursday, Aug. 24, the live broadcast of the mission – including liftoff and postlaunch milestones – will air on NASA Television and the agency’s website. Check the Crew-7 blog starting at 11 p.m., for key events leading up to launch and through spacecraft separation.

We’ll keep you updated on the key milestones throughout this mission. Details about the mission and NASA’s Commercial Crew Program can be found by following the Crew-7 blog, the commercial crew blog, @commercial_crew on X, and commercial crew on Facebook.

Author Danielle SempsrottPosted on August 24, 2023August 24, 2023Categories Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, NASA, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags Dragon Endurance, Flacon 9, International Space Station, Kennedy Space Center, Launch Complex 39A, LC-39A, SpaceX Crew-7

New Target Launch Date Set for Next Crewed Mission to Space Station

The four crew members of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7 mission pose for a photo inside SpaceX Hangar X at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. From left to right are: Konstantin Borisov, Andreas Mogensen, Jasmin Moghbeli, and Satoshi Furukawa. Photo credit: SpaceX

NASA and SpaceX now are targeting 5:23 a.m. EDT Monday, Aug. 21, for the launch of the agency’s Crew-7 mission to the International Space Station. The adjusted date allows additional time for launch site processing at Launch Complex 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. If needed, a backup opportunity is available at 3:49 a.m. on Friday, Aug. 25.

The target date is in coordination with activities aboard the International Space Station, including operations with other crew and cargo spacecraft. A Cygnus cargo spacecraft from Northrop Grumman and Roscosmos Progress cargo spacecraft are due at the station in the coming weeks.

NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Andreas Mogensen, JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Konstantin Borisov will fly aboard the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft, named Endurance, which previously flew NASA’s SpaceX Crew-3 and Crew-5 missions to the space station. This will be the first launch of the Falcon 9 booster SpaceX selected to support this mission.

All hardware for the mission has arrived in Florida for processing. On July 25, the Dragon spacecraft was stacked to its trunk ahead of its upcoming transport to SpaceX’s hangar at Launch Complex 39A. Once preflight checkouts of the spacecraft are complete, Dragon will be mated to the rocket ahead of the integrated system’s rollout to the launch pad.

Follow NASA’s commercial crew blog for the latest information on Crew-7 flight readiness.

Details about the mission and NASA’s Commercial Crew Program can be found by following the commercial crew blog, @commercial_crew on Twitter, and commercial crew on Facebook.

Author Danielle SempsrottPosted on August 1, 2023August 1, 2023Categories Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, International Space Station, Kennedy Space Center, NASA, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags Crew Dragon, Endurance, Falcon 9, SpaceX Crew-7

NASA, SpaceX Adjust Crew-7 Launch Date

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7 crew in training at SpaceX in Hawthorne, California, before their mission to the International Space Station. Photo credit: SpaceX

NASA and its commercial and international partners now are targeting launch at 6:56 a.m. Thursday, Aug. 17, for the agency’s SpaceX Crew-7 mission to the International Space Station. The new date – a shift of two days – allows for launch pad reconfiguration following a SpaceX Falcon Heavy mission from Launch Complex 39A at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

The announcement came during a briefing held July 25 by NASA representatives along with officials from ESA (European Space Agency), JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), and SpaceX. Each agency – NASA, ESA, and JAXA – along with Roscosmos has a crew member among the four who make up the Crew-7 mission. Discussing a range of topics related to readiness for the mission, the officials highlighted the training the crew of four has moved through along with details of the six-month mission and the research that will be performed in orbit across several scientific disciplines.

Mission teams also provided several other updates on upcoming space station missions.

A replay of the mission overview news conference is available on the agency’s YouTube channel.

Following the briefing, NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli, ESA astronaut Andreas Mogensen, JAXA astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Konstantin Borisov of Crew-7, as well as NASA astronaut Loral O’Hara talked to media about training for their upcoming missions to the space station. O’Hara will launch in September from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

A replay of the crew news conference is available on the agency’s YouTube channel.

Crew-7 is the seventh rotational mission to the International Space Station for NASA’s Commercial Crew Program. Launching atop a Falcon 9 rocket from Kennedy’s Launch Complex 39A, SpaceX’s Dragon spacecraft will carry Jasmin Moghbeli, Andreas Mogensen, Satoshi Furukawa, and Konstantin Borisov to the orbiting laboratory.

More details about the mission and NASA’s Commercial Crew Program can be found by following the commercial crew blog, @commercial_crew on Twitter, and commercial crew on Facebook.

Author Danielle SempsrottPosted on July 25, 2023July 27, 2023Categories UncategorizedTags Crew Dragon, Falcon 9, Launch Complex 39A, LC-39A, SpaceX Crew-7

NASA Updates Commercial Crew Planning Manifest Through 2024

NASA and its industry partners, Boeing and SpaceX, are planning target launch schedules for upcoming commercial crew missions to the International Space Station.

Target Launch Manifest

NASA’s Boeing Crew Flight Test: NET July 21, 2023

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7: NET mid-August 2023

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-8: NET February 2024

NASA’s Boeing Starliner-1: NET Summer 2024

Here is a closer look at each mission:

NASA’s Boeing Crew Flight Test

NASA and Boeing’s Crew Flight Test (CFT), planned no earlier than July 21, 2023, is the first crewed flight of the Starliner system prior to certification and regular crewed missions to the space station. For CFT, the Starliner spacecraft will launch on a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket from Space Launch Complex-41 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, returning approximately eight days later in White Sands, New Mexico. The flight will carry two NASA astronaut test pilots, Barry “Butch” Wilmore and Suni Williams, on the demonstration flight to prove the end-to-end capabilities of the Starliner system.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7

NASA and SpaceX’s seventh rotational mission to the space station is planned for no earlier than mid-August 2023. NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli and Andreas Mogensen of ESA (European Space Agency), mission commander and pilot, respectively, will fly aboard the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft named Endurance, which previously flew on NASA’s SpaceX Crew-5 and Crew-3 missions. The final two mission specialists will be assigned in the coming weeks. The spacecraft is currently being prepared for flight at SpaceX’s refurbishing facility in Cape Canaveral, Florida. The company’s Falcon 9 rocket booster selection in support of Crew-7 is ongoing.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-8

NASA and SpaceX’s eighth rotational mission to the space station is planned for no earlier than February 2024. An integrated crew of four will travel to the space station aboard a SpaceX Dragon and Falcon 9 rocket. Hardware allocations for Dragon and Falcon are planned in the coming months. Once crew members are assigned, operations teams will increase crew training activities specific to the mission, including spacesuit production and testing.

NASA’s Boeing Starliner-1

NASA and Boeing’s first crew rotation mission to the space station is planned for no earlier than summer 2024. NASA astronauts Scott Tingle and Mike Fincke, commander and pilot, respectively, will fly aboard the Starliner spacecraft, which previously flew on Boeing’s Orbital Flight Test-2 mission. Two mission specialists will be assigned in the coming months. Timing of the launch is subject to change based on several factors, including: a successful CFT, incorporation of anticipated learning from CFT, approvals of postflight data and final certification products, and completion of operational readiness and certification reviews. Starliner-1 will fly a new service module currently in production at the Boeing facility at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Production of the Atlas V rocket is complete. The hardware is in storage at the United Launch Alliance facility in Decatur, Alabama, awaiting shipment to the launch site for stacking and final integration with the spacecraft.

For more insight on NASA’s Commercial Crew Program missions to the orbiting laboratory follow the commercial crew blog. More details can be found @commercial_crew on Twitter and commercial crew on Facebook.

Author Jason CostaPosted on April 14, 2023December 18, 2023Categories Boeing, Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, International Space Station, Kennedy Space Center, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags Atlas V rocket, Boeing Starliner-1, Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, CFT, NASA’s Boeing Crew Flight Test, SpaceX Crew-7, SpaceX Crew-8, SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, Starliner spacecraft, United Launch Alliance

NASA, ESA Assign Astronauts to Space Station Mission on Crew Dragon

NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli and ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Andreas Mogensen. Credits: NASA

NASA and ESA (European Space Agency) have selected two astronauts to launch on NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7 mission to the International Space Station.

NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli and ESA astronaut Andreas Mogensen will serve as spacecraft commander and pilot, respectively, for the mission. Two mission specialists will be announced later, following review by NASA and its international partners.

The mission is expected to launch no earlier than 2023 on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Launch Complex 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Moghbeli, Mogensen, and the additional mission specialists will join an expedition crew aboard the space station.

This will be the first spaceflight for Moghbeli, who became a NASA astronaut in 2017. Moghbeli is from Baldwin, New York, and earned a bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and a master’s degree in aerospace engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. As an AH-1W Super Cobra pilot and Marine Corps test pilot, she has flown more than 150 missions accruing 2,000 hours of flight time in more than 25 different aircraft. She also graduated with honors from the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School in Patuxent River, Maryland. At the time of her selection as an astronaut, Moghbeli was testing H-1 helicopters and serving as the quality assurance and avionics officer for VMX-1. She is also the proud mom of twin girls.

This will be Mogensen’s second trip to the space station as a veteran of the ESA 10-day Iriss mission in 2015, for which he served as a flight engineer. Mogensen was the flight engineer on Soyuz TMA-18M spacecraft during launch and Soyuz TMA-16M during the return flight. Mogensen has logged 9 days, 20 hours, and 9 minutes in space. He was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, and graduated with an international baccalaureate from the Copenhagen International School, a master’s degree in aeronautical engineering from Imperial College London, and a doctorate in aerospace engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. In 2015, Mogensen became the first Danish person to go to space and currently is serving as the European astronaut liaison officer to NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston.

NASA’s Commercial Crew Program works with the U.S. aerospace industry to provide safe, reliable, and cost-effective transportation to and from the International Space Station on American-made rockets and spacecraft launching from American soil.

For more than 21 years, humans have lived and worked continuously aboard the International Space Station, advancing scientific knowledge and demonstrating new technologies, making research breakthroughs not possible on Earth. As a global endeavor, 253 people from 19 countries have visited the unique microgravity laboratory that has hosted more than 3,000 research and educational investigations from researchers in 109 countries and areas.

The station is a critical testbed for NASA to understand and overcome the challenges of long-duration spaceflight and to expand commercial opportunities in low-Earth orbit. As commercial companies focus on providing human space transportation services and developing a robust low-Earth orbit economy, NASA is free to focus on building spacecraft and rockets for deep space missions to the Moon and Mars.

Follow Moghbeli on Twitter, Instagram and Facebook.

Follow Mogensen on Twitter, Instagram and Facebook.

Find more information on NASA’s Commercial Crew Program at:

https://www.nasa.gov/commercialcrew

Author Kathleen Haas EllisPosted on March 24, 2022March 29, 2022Categories Commercial Crew, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags SpaceX Crew-7

Watch NASA TV LiveCommercial Crew Basics NASA's Commercial Crew Program has worked with several American aerospace industry companies to facilitate the development of U.S. human spaceflight systems since 2010. The goal is to have safe, reliable and cost-effective access to and from the International Space Station and foster commercial access to other potential low-Earth orbit destinations.

NASA selected Boeing and SpaceX in September 2014 to transport crew to the International Space Station from the United States. These integrated spacecraft, rockets and associated systems will carry up to four astronauts on NASA missions, maintaining a space station crew of seven to maximize time dedicated to scientific research on the orbiting laboratory.

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NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 Mission

NASA Blogs Home

Crew-6 Returns Safely to Earth after Splashdown

The SpaceX Dragon Endeavour is seen as it splashes down in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida, at 12:17 a.m. EDT, returning Crew-6 to Earth. Credits: NASA TV.

NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev splashed down safely in the SpaceX Dragon Endeavour in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida, at 12:17 a.m. EDT after 186 days in space.

Teams on the SpaceX recovery ship, including two fast boats, now are in the process of securing Dragon and ensuring the spacecraft is safe for the recovery effort. As the fast boat teams complete their work, the recovery ship will move into position to hoist Dragon onto the main deck with the astronauts inside. Once on the main deck, the crew will be taken out of the spacecraft and receive medical checks before a helicopter ride to board a plane for Houston.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station and @ISS_Research on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

Get weekly video highlights at: https://roundupreads.jsc.nasa.gov/videoupdate/

Get the latest from NASA delivered every week. Subscribe here: www.nasa.gov/subscribe

Author Danielle SempsrottPosted on September 4, 2023September 4, 2023Categories Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, Expedition 69, International Space Station, NASA, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags Dragon Endeavour, SpaceX Crew-6Leave a comment on Crew-6 Returns Safely to Earth after Splashdown

Deorbit Burn Complete

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 crew members are seen inside the Dragon Endeavour spacecraft during their return to Earth on Sept. 3, 2023. Photo credit: NASA TV

The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft carrying NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev on their return to Earth after a nearly six-month science mission has completed its deorbit burn as expected ahead of splashdown at about 12:17 a.m. EDT in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida.

Four minutes before splashdown, the drogue parachutes will deploy at about 18,000 feet in altitude while Dragon is moving approximately 350 miles per hour, and less than a minute later, the main parachutes deploy at about 6,000 feet in altitude while the spacecraft is moving approximately 119 miles per hour.

NASA TV coverage available online and via the NASA app will continue until the crew is recovered from the spacecraft.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station and @ISS_Research on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

Get weekly video highlights at: https://roundupreads.jsc.nasa.gov/videoupdate/

Get the latest from NASA delivered every week. Subscribe here: www.nasa.gov/subscribe

Author Danielle SempsrottPosted on September 3, 2023September 3, 2023Categories Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, Expedition 69, International Space Station, NASA, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags Dragon Endeavour, SpaceX Crew-6Leave a comment on Deorbit Burn Complete

Crew-6 Coming Up on Deorbit Burn for Splashdown

The SpaceX Crew Dragon Endeavour with four Crew-6 members aboard approaches the International Space Station for an automated docking to the Harmony module’s space-facing port on March 3, 2023. Aboard Endeavour, were Commander Stephen Bowen and Pilot Woody Hoburg, both from NASA, and Mission Specialists Sultan Alneyadi from UAE (United Arab Emirates) and Andrey Fedyaev from Roscosmos, who joined the Expedition 68 crew shortly after docking to the orbital lab.

Watch the agency’s live coverage as NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev inside the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft work toward a splashdown in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida, at about 12:17 a.m. EDT. Recovery forces are taking positions in the recovery zone.

The deorbit burn is scheduled to begin at 11:24 p.m. EDT.

Author Danielle SempsrottPosted on September 3, 2023September 3, 2023Categories Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, Expedition 69, International Space Station, NASA, NASA AstronautsTags Dragon Endeavour, SpaceX Crew-6Leave a comment on Crew-6 Coming Up on Deorbit Burn for Splashdown

Dragon Departs Station for Splashdown Off the Coast of Florida

Sept. 3, 2023: International Space Station Configuration. Five spaceships are parked at the space station including the SpaceX Dragon Endurance, Northrop Grumman’s Cygnus space freighter, the Soyuz MS-23 crew ship, and the Progress 84 and 85 resupply ships.

The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft with NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, along with UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev inside undocked from the forward-facing port of the International Space Station’s Harmony module at 7:05 a.m. EDT to complete a six-month science mission.

NASA coverage of Crew-6’s return will continue with audio only, and full coverage will resume at the start of the splashdown broadcast. Real-time audio between Crew-6 and flight controllers at NASA’s Mission Audio stream will remain available and includes conversations with astronauts aboard the space station and a live video feed from the orbiting laboratory.

NASA TV coverage will resume at 11 p.m. Sunday until Endeavour splashes down at approximately 12:17 a.m. EDT Monday, Sept. 4, near Jacksonville off the coast of Florida and Crew-6 members are recovered.

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission launched March 2, 2023, on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida and docked to the space station the next day.

More details about the mission and NASA’s commercial crew program can be found by following the commercial crew blog, @commercial_crew and commercial crew on Facebook.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station and @ISS_Research on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

Get weekly video highlights at: https://roundupreads.jsc.nasa.gov/videoupdate/

Get the latest from NASA delivered every week. Subscribe here: www.nasa.gov/subscribe

Author Mark GarciaPosted on September 3, 2023September 3, 2023Categories Expedition 69Tags Canadian Space Agency, Commercial Crew, dragon, European Space Agency, International Space Station, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA, NASA, Roscosmos, spacexLeave a comment on Dragon Departs Station for Splashdown Off the Coast of Florida

Weather Remains Primary Concern for Crew-6 Return

The official SpaceX Crew-6 portrait with (from left), Mission Specialist and UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi; Pilot Woody Hoburg and Commander Stephen Bowen, both NASA astronauts; and Mission Specialist and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev.

NASA and SpaceX met Friday evening to continue close evaluations of weather conditions around Florida’s coastline as they consider the best options for Crew-6 to return to Earth. Teams are working toward an undocking opportunity of no earlier than 7:05 a.m. EDT on Sunday, Sept. 3, with the first potential splashdown opportunity no earlier than 12:07 a.m. on Monday, Sept. 4. Teams are proceeding to the next weather briefing scheduled for Saturday morning to continue assessing weather for the primary target. Additional undock and splashdown opportunities are available early next week if weather conditions continue to be unfavorable over the weekend.

The Dragon spacecraft, named Endeavour, remains healthy while currently docked to the International Space Station. Dragon has been cleared for departure and re-entry by the space station and Dragon mission management teams. Pre-departure checkouts of the spacecraft were conducted Friday with normal performance across all systems. Operations teams are not working any major issues and there are currently no constraints to flight.

For the current undocking opportunity, NASA TV coverage can be found of the agency’s television schedule.

Follow along for details about the crew’s return to Earth and NASA’s Commercial Crew Program on the Crew-6 blog, the space station blog, the commercial crew blog, @commercial_crew on X, and commercial crew on Facebook.

Author Danielle SempsrottPosted on September 1, 2023September 1, 2023Categories Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, Expedition 69, International Space Station, Kennedy Space Center, NASA, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags Dragon Endeavour, Falcon 9, SpaceX Crew-6Leave a comment on Weather Remains Primary Concern for Crew-6 Return

Science Ramps Up as Crew Departure Preps Continue

NASA astronauts Woody Hoburg, Jasmin Moghbeli, and Frank Rubio pose for a portrait aboard the International Space Station. The three crewmates were selected as part of NASA’s 2017 class of astronauts.

The Expedition 69 crew is expected to split up soon when four flight engineers return to Earth aboard the SpaceX Dragon Endeavour spacecraft. Meanwhile, all crew members on the International Space Station spent Friday keeping up their orbital research and maintenance tasks.

Unfavorable weather conditions off the coast of Florida have pushed back Saturday’s planned undocking and splashdown of four station crew members at least 24 hours. Mission managers from SpaceX and NASA are now targeting the undocking of Endeavour with four crewmates inside for no earlier than 7:05 a.m. EDT on Sunday.

Endeavour, commanded by Stephen Bowen and piloted by Woody Hoburg, both NASA astronauts, is targeted to splash down in the waters off Florida’s coast at 12:07 a.m. on Monday. Flanking the NASA duo during the 19-hour ride back to Earth will be UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev. The quartet will be completing a six-month space research mission that began with a launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center on March 2.

New station flight engineers Jasmin Moghbeli of NASA, Andreas Mogensen of ESA (European Space Agency), Satoshi Furukawa of JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), and Konstantin Borisov of Roscosmos have been familiarizing themselves with station systems all week. They are turning their attention now to full-time science, cargo, and health activities having been living on the space station since Aug. 27.

Moghbeli transferred research samples to science freezers that will be returned to Earth inside the Endeavour spacecraft with the departing crewmates. Mogensen set up a pair of Kubik research incubators that support studies of seeds, cells, and small mammals inside the Columbus laboratory module. Furukawa worked in the Kibo laboratory module removing a microbiology experiment from a research incubator that can generate artificial gravity. Finally, Borisov unpacked cargo from the Roscosmos Progress 85 cargo craft and tested ways future crews might pilot spacecraft and robots on planetary missions.

The space station’s other three crewmates are due to leave the orbital lab at the end of September completing just over one year orbiting Earth. In the meantime, the trio from NASA and Roscosmos has continued its research and lab upkeep tasks. Astronaut and Flight Engineer Frank Rubio configured and stowed emergency masks and had his eyes scanned by Mogensen using standard medical imaging hardware. Cosmonaut and Commander Sergey Prokopyev partnered with Borisov for the Progress 85 cargo unpacking duties. Flight Engineer Dmitri Petelin also participated in the futuristic piloting study, then inspected windows in the Zvezda service module, and inventoried cargo in the Poisk module.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station and @ISS_Research on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

Get weekly video highlights at: https://roundupreads.jsc.nasa.gov/videoupdate/

Get the latest from NASA delivered every week. Subscribe here: www.nasa.gov/subscribe

Author Mark GarciaPosted on September 1, 2023September 1, 2023Categories Expedition 69Tags Canadian Space Agency, dragon, European Space Agency, International Space Station, JAXA, NASA, Roscosmos, science, spacexLeave a comment on Science Ramps Up as Crew Departure Preps Continue

Weather Delays NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 Undocking from Station on Saturday

Four Expedition 69 flight engineers aboard the International Space Station pose for a portrait in their pressure suits. Clockwise from bottom, are NASA astronaut Stephen Bowen; UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi; NASA astronaut Woody Hoburg; and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev. Photo credit: NASA

NASA and SpaceX are standing down from the Saturday, Sept. 2, departure opportunities for the agency’s Crew-6 mission from the International Space Station due to unfavorable weather conditions near the splashdown sites off the coast of Florida. The next available undocking opportunity is no earlier than 7:05 a.m. EDT on Sunday, Sept. 3, with a splashdown no earlier than 12:07 a.m. on Monday, Sept. 4, pending weather evaluations.

Mission teams will meet Friday evening to determine the viability of the next Crew-6 undock target. The Dragon spacecraft, named Endeavour, remains healthy while currently docked to the space station as Crew-6 prepares for their return trip to Earth completing a nearly six-month science mission in orbit.

Crew-6’s Dragon undocking depends on a variety of factors, including spacecraft readiness, recovery team readiness, weather, sea states, and other factors.

NASA will provide more information about live coverage of the upcoming return activities for the Crew-6 mission with NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, as well as UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev.

NASA TV coverage for the Sept. 3 undocking and Sept. 4 splashdown opportunity, if it is chosen, will be:

Sunday, Sept. 3 (All times eastern and subject to change depending on operations)

5 a.m. – Hatch closure coverage; ending shortly after hatch closure

6:45 a.m. – Coverage resumes for undocking, ending after Dragon departs Approach Ellipsoid

(Coverage shifts to Mission Audio commentary after approach ellipsoid exit)

7:05 a.m. – Undocking

11 p.m. – Coverage resumes for deorbit burn and splashdown

11:15 p.m. – Deorbit burn

Monday, Sept. 4

12:07 a.m. – Splashdown

Author Danielle SempsrottPosted on September 1, 2023September 1, 2023Categories Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, International Space Station, NASA, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags Dragon Endeavour, Falcon 9, SpaceX Crew-6Leave a comment on Weather Delays NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 Undocking from Station on Saturday

Crew Handovers Continue as Four Members Near End of Six-Month Research Mission

Expedition 69 Flight Engineers (from left) Andrey Fedyaev of Roscosmos and Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, both from NASA, are pictured in the SpaceX pressure suits they will wear when they return to Earth aboard the company’s Dragon Endeavour spacecraft in September.

The eleven orbital residents aboard the International Space Station spent Thursday gearing up for a crew split as the four newest members continue to settle into their daily routines in weightlessness and four other Expedition 69 crew members prepare for their ride home to Earth.

Two crews are in the process of swapping places as NASA astronauts Woody Hoburg and Stephen Bowen, UAE (United Arab Emirates) Flight Engineer Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos Flight Engineer Andrey Fedyaev spent most of their day handing over responsibilities, including training new crew members on station procedures and the use of station exercise equipment.

Sunday saw the arrival of NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli, ESA astronaut Andreas Mogensen, JAXA astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Konstantin Borisov to the station as the SpaceX Dragon Endurance Spacecraft docked to the Harmony module. The international quartet is quickly adjusting to orbital tasks and spent some of Thursday on the firsts of many science and maintenance activities they’ll perform in microgravity during their six-month stay.

After breakfast, Moghbeli completed a round of eye exams with NASA astronaut Frank Rubio, Commander Sergey Prokopyev and Flight Engineer Dmitri Petelin of Roscosmos. Later in the evening, the first-time orbital resident continued to unpack Dragon, which will remain docked to the station for six months until Crew-7 returns to Earth. Meanwhile, Mogensen deployed dosimeters in the Columbus Laboratory Module that will detect levels of radiation doses inside the station, while Furukawa carried out some maintenance on the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device or ARED.

The four Crew-6 members—Hoburg, Bowen, Alneyadi and Fedyaev—are nearing the end of their six-month research mission and spent the afternoon prepping and packing SpaceX’s Dragon Endeavour spacecraft for departure no earlier than Sept. 2. This will bring the space station’s population down to seven before further crew swaps take place in September.

After lunchtime, Alneyadi scheduled some time for maintenance activities, installing and examining the station’s new Potable Water Dispenser. Hoburg collected biological samples for the ongoing Standard Measures investigation, while Bowen completed cargo tasks in the Cygnus spacecraft which has been docked to the station since Aug. 4.

Rubio, Prokopyev, and Petelin will soon reach a year in space after arriving to the station on Sept. 21, 2022, and are gearing up for their trek home in late September. The three long-time station residents continued to help with crew handover activities on Thursday and completed some station maintenance tasks of their own.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station and @ISS_Research on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

Get weekly video highlights at: https://roundupreads.jsc.nasa.gov/videoupdate/

Get the latest from NASA delivered every week. Subscribe here: www.nasa.gov/subscribe

Author Abby GrafPosted on August 31, 2023September 1, 2023Categories Expedition 69Tags Canadian Space Agency, European Space Agency, International Space Station, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA, NASA, RoscosmosLeave a comment on Crew Handovers Continue as Four Members Near End of Six-Month Research Mission

Ongoing Crew Swap, Science Activities on Station this Week

Expedition 69 astronauts (from left) Frank Rubio and Sultan Alneyadi pose for a portrait during pizza night aboard the International Space Station.

Aboard the International Space Station on Wednesday, four new crew members are adjusting to their first week orbiting Earth. Meanwhile, another quartet of Expedition 69 flight engineers is preparing to end their six-month stay in space.

Eleven crew members from five countries are living and working together on the orbital outpost as two of its crews are in the middle of swapping places. New station flight engineers Jasmin Moghbeli and Andreas Mogensen, of NASA and ESA (European Space Agency) respectively, continued unpacking the SpaceX Dragon Endurance spacecraft throughout the day. In the afternoon, the duo joined NASA Flight Engineer Frank Rubio, who has been aboard the station for nearly a year, and reviewed station operations, systems, and procedures.

The other two new flight engineers, Satoshi Furukawa of JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) and Konstantin Borisov of Roscosmos, also continued familiarizing themselves with life in weightlessness. The pair is learning how to make meals, exercise on the workout facilities, sleep in the crew quarters, and use the station’s bathroom, also known as the waste and hygiene compartment.

The station crew will fall back to seven members no earlier than Sept. 2 when the SpaceX Dragon Endeavour is due to return four flight engineers, who have been in space since March, back to Earth. NASA astronaut Stephen Bowen will command Endeavour leading NASA Pilot Woody Hoburg and Mission Specialists Sultan Alneyadi of UAE (United Arab Emirates) and Andrey Fedyaev of Roscosmos to a splashdown off the coast of Florida.

The Earth-bound foursome has been handing over its responsibilities to the newly arrived crew while preparing for the return to Earth’s gravity environment. The four crew mates this week have been packing Endeavour, reviewing deorbit and splashdown procedures, and talking to NASA and SpaceX ground support personnel.

Bowen and Hoburg still had time on Wednesday for ongoing research activities. Bowen rounded up science hardware for an upcoming space biology experiment. Hoburg inspected and activated an Astrobee free-flying robotic helper as engineers on the ground monitored its performance.

The longest-serving crew aboard the station has been orbiting Earth since Sept. 21, 2022. Rubio along with Commander Sergey Prokopyev and Flight Engineer Dmitri Petelin are assisting with the crew swap activities. The trio from NASA and Roscosmos has also worked on cargo activities, space science, and standard health checks this week.

Learn more about station activities by following the space station blog, @space_station and @ISS_Research on X, as well as the ISS Facebook and ISS Instagram accounts.

Get weekly video highlights at: https://roundupreads.jsc.nasa.gov/videoupdate/

Get the latest from NASA delivered every week. Subscribe here: www.nasa.gov/subscribe

Author Mark GarciaPosted on August 30, 2023September 1, 2023Categories Expedition 69Tags Canadian Space Agency, dragon, European Space Agency, International Space Station, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA, NASA, Roscosmos, science, spacexLeave a comment on Ongoing Crew Swap, Science Activities on Station this Week

Space Station Crew Members Focused on In-Orbit Handover

NASA astronaut and Crew-7 Commander, Jasmin Moghbeli, poses for a photo in the first moments the Crew-7 quartet is onboard the International Space Station after hatch opening on August 27, 2023. Photo credit: NASA

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-7 crew members are settling into their new orbital home aboard the International Space Station while Crew-6 make their own preparations for a safe return to Earth in the coming days.

Crew-7 NASA astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Andreas Mogensen, JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Satoshi Furukawa, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Konstantin Borisov moved into the space station on Aug. 27. The crew launched on Aug. 26 from Launch Complex 39A at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Meanwhile, NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev are wrapping up crew handover activities with Crew-7 which involves concluding science experiments, and transferring return cargo to their Dragon spacecraft. Their spacecraft has been docked with the space station since arriving in March 2023.

NASA and SpaceX are targeting Saturday, Sept. 2, for Crew-6 and SpaceX’s Dragon to undock from the space station and safely splashdown off the coast of Florida on Sunday, Sept. 3. Joint teams are monitoring weather forecasts across seven potential splashdown sites off the coast of Florida and any impacts Hurricane Idalia may have on recovery operations.

The agency will share more information on Crew-6 return as it becomes available.

Author Jason CostaPosted on August 30, 2023August 30, 2023Categories Commercial Crew, Commercial Spaceflight, International Space Station, Kennedy Space Center, NASA, NASA Astronauts, SpaceXTags Canadian Space Agency, Crew Dragon spacecraft, Crew-6, Crew-7, European Space Agency, International Space Station, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA, RoscosmosLeave a comment on Space Station Crew Members Focused on In-Orbit Handover

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Significado de crew en inglés

crewnoun uk

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/kruː/ us

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/kruː/

crew noun

(group of people)

Add to word list

aircrew

cabin crew

ground crew

[ C ] the people who work on a ship, aircraft, etc. who are not officers: Apart from the ten officers, a crew of 90 takes care of the 300 passengers.

Más ejemplosMenos ejemplosA Spanish crew member had been washed overboard in the storm.He is a member of our camera crew.Ambulance crews battled to rescue people trapped in the wreckage.

SMART Vocabulary: palabras y expresiones relacionadas

Air travel: workers on/with aircraft & spacecraft

air hostess

air marshal

air traffic controller

aircrew

astronaut

aviator

baggage handling

cabin crew

co-pilot

cosmonaut

flight attendant

ground crew

navigator

parachutist

purser

screener

sky marshal

skycap

spacewoman

wingman

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También encontrarás palabras, frases y sinónimos relacionados con los temas:

People who work on boats & ships

Groups of people

crew noun

(rowing)

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crewverb [ I or T ] uk

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/kruː/ us

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/kruː/

If you crew a boat, or crew for someone on their boat, you help to sail it.

SMART Vocabulary: palabras y expresiones relacionadas

Sailing & boating

age of sail

aweigh

bale

bargee

bargeman

bear away

maritime

ocean-going

outsail

portage

rafter

rafting

sail

sailing

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(Definición de crew del Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)

crew | Diccionario de Inglés Americano

crewnoun [ C/U ] us

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/kru/

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(Definición de crew del Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

crew | Inglés de negocios

crewnoun [ C, usually singular ] uk

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/kruː/ us

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Add to word list

a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, plane, etc.: an ambulance/lifeboat crew a TV/film/camera crew The aircraft has/carries a crew of seven.

the people who work on a ship, plane, etc. who are not officers: Apart from the 10 officers, a crew of 90 looks after the 300 passengers.

(Definición de crew del Cambridge Business English Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

¿Cómo se pronuncia crew?

Traducciones de crew

en chino (tradicional)

全體工作人員, （尤指）全體船員，全體機組人員，全體乘務人員, （除官員之外的）全體船員…

en chino (simplificado)

全体工作人员, （尤指）全体船员，全体机组人员，全体乘务人员, （除官员之外的）全体船员…

en español

tripulación, remo, equipo [masculine]…

en portugués

tripulação, tripulação [feminine], equipe [feminine]…

en más idiomas

in Marathi

en japonés

en turco

en francés

en catalán

in Dutch

in Tamil

in Hindi

in Gujarati

en danés

in Swedish

en malayo

en alemán

en noruego

in Urdu

in Ukrainian

en ruso

in Telugu

en árabe

in Bengali

en checo

en indonesio

en tailandés

en vietnamita

en polaco

en coreano

en italiano

乗務員, チーム, 仲間（なかま）…

mürettebat, ekip, tayfa…

équipage [masculine], équipe [feminine], bande [feminine]…

tripulació, equip…

bemanning, gezelschap, deel uitmaken van de bemanning…

(जहाज़ या विमान के सारे कर्मचारी) क्रू, दल, दस्ता…

કર્મચારીગણ, ટુકડી…

besætning, mandskab, slæng…

besättning, gäng, jobba i ngns lag (gäng…

kakitangan, krew, menyertai…

die Besatzung, die Bande, einspringen…

besetning [masculine], lag [neuter], team [neuter]…

عملہ (ہوائی جہاز یا بحری جہاز چلانے اور انتظام کرنے والا عملہ), بحری جہاز, طیارہ وغیرہ پر کام کرنےوالےافراد…

команда, екіпаж, бути членом команди…

команда, экипаж, бригада…

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A Model for Bus Crew Scheduling Problem with Multiple Duty Types

del for Bus Crew Scheduling Problem with Multiple Duty TypesJournalsPublish with usPublishing partnershipsAbout usBlogDiscrete Dynamics in Nature and SocietyJournal overviewFor authorsFor reviewersFor editorsTable of ContentsSpecial IssuesDiscrete Dynamics in Nature and Society/2012/Article/On this pageAbstractIntroductionNumerical ExampleConclusionsAcknowledgmentsReferencesCopyrightRelated ArticlesSpecial IssueDiscrete Dynamics in Transportation System View this Special IssueResearch Article | Open AccessVolume 2012 | Article ID 649213 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/649213Show citationA Model for Bus Crew Scheduling Problem with Multiple Duty TypesMingming Chen1and Huimin Niu1Show moreAcademic Editor: Wuhong WangReceived18 Jun 2012Revised23 Aug 2012Accepted26 Aug 2012Published24 Sept 2012AbstractThis paper presents an approach for solving the bus crew scheduling problem which considers early, day, and late duty modes with time shift and work intensity constraints. Furthermore, the constraint with the least crew number of a certain duty (e.g., day duty) has also been considered. An optimization model is formulated as a 0-1 integer programming problem to improve the efficiency of crew scheduling at the minimum expense of total idle time of crew for a circle bus line. Correspondingly, a heuristic algorithm utilizing the tabu search algorithm has been proposed to solve the model. Finally, the proposed model and algorithm are successfully tested by a case study.1. IntroductionThe urban bus crew scheduling problem is a fundamental and crucial problem arising in the field of transit scheduling, because there are the main resources necessary to service passengers. Given the timetable of an urban transit line during one day, the scheduling problem of a bus crew is to complete the operating arrangement of all crews with different duty types. The duty types of crew can be divided into three types: early, day, and late modes. With the influence of working hours, place of residence, living habits, and other factors, there are different requirements to the crew. For example, the crew can only choose trips with day duty when living farther away from the bus depot, the crew can select trips with early or late duty when they have temporary activities at noon, the crew can choose trips with early or day duty when they need to take care of family members at night, and some crews can be allocated to trips with any kind of duty type. Therefore, how to arrange the crew scheduling so as to utilize the manpower resources effectively and satisfy a set of constraints laid down by the labor regulations, has an important theoretical and practical significance. The urban bus crew scheduling has received much attention in the last decade, and there have been many models and solution methods. According to the objective of model, it can usually be divided into set covering, set partitioning, and multiobjective program. Smith and Wren [1] introduced a crew scheduling problem formulation based on set covering problem, solved by using integer linear programming. The elements covered were duty pieces, and the covering process used slack and surplus variables. Darby-Dowman and Mitra [2] presented a natural generalization called the extended set partitioning model which formed the basis of a computer assisted bus crew scheduling system. An integrated vehicle and crew scheduling problem proposed by Mesquita and Paias [3] were described by an integer linear programming formulation combining a multicommodity network flow model with a set partitioning/covering model. Beasley and Cao [4] developed a new lower bound for the crew scheduling problem based on dynamic programming. Lourenco et al. [5] brought a mutiobjective crew scheduling model, which was tackled using a tabu search technique, metaheuristics, and genetic algorithms. Huisman et al. [6] presented an integrated approach to solve a vehicle scheduling problem and a crew scheduling problem on a single bus route. As for the solution method of bus crew scheduling, it can be divided into mathematical programming methods including integer linear programming, column generation, branch and bound method, and heuristic methods including genetic algorithm, tabu search algorithm, colony algorithm, and so forthm.Mitra and Darby-Dowman [7] established a computer-based bus crew scheduling model using integer programming. The approach presented by Desrochers and Soumis [8] used column generation solution procedure. Clement and Wren [9] introduced a solution for the crew scheduling problem using a genetic algorithm, and several greedy algorithms were used for assigning duties to pieces of work. Beasley and Cao [10] established a 0-1 integer programming model, and a tree-search algorithm was used to obtain the final optimum. Ceder [11] used deficit function properties to construct vehicle chains, splitted and recombined vehicle blocks into legal duties, and used a shortest-path and matching algorithm for solving the problem. Shen and Ni [12] established a crew scheduling model with minimizing the number and cost of duty and designed the multineighbourhood structure. The crew scheduling model was abstracted by Yang et al. [13] as an optimization problem for the minimum of a nonlinear constraint function, and a genetic algorithm was used to solve the problem. Niu [14] focused on how to determine the skip-stop scheduling for a congested urban transit line during the morning rush hours and formulated a nonlinear programming model with the objective of minimizing the overall waiting times and the in-vehicle crowded costs, and a bilevel genetic algorithm was proposed to solve the problem. Srdjan et al. [15] proposed architecture for a new scheduling mechanism that dynamically executes a scheduling algorithm using feedback about the current status grid nodes, and two artificial neural networks were created in order to solve the scheduling problem. A tabu search algorithm was proposed by Atli [16] to provide good solutions to resource-constrained, deterministic activity duration project scheduling problems.For an overview on these papers, although a lot of attention has been paid to the factors associated with the required crew number, total work hours, layover and rest time, impartiality, and so forth in bus crew scheduling, only a few papers consider the duty type constraint, which should be well considered in process of urban transit operation. The remainder of paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we describe the urban bus crew scheduling problem and establish an optimization model with minimizing the total crew idle time. A tabu search algorithm is then designed in Section 3. In Section 4, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the application of the model and algorithm. Finally, we present the conclusions and some comments on topics requiring future research.2. Urban Bus Crew Scheduling Model 2.1. Problem DescriptionGiven a set of trips within a fixed planning horizon, the crew scheduling problem consists of generating a feasible set of crew schedule which includes sign-on and sign-off time, crew duty types, and a serial of trips which covers the bus schedule and satisfies a range of constraints laid down by work rules. The trips that are assigned to the same crew member define a crew duty. Together the duties constitute a crew schedule. The criteria for crew scheduling are based on an efficient use of manpower resources while maintaining the integrity of any work rule agreements. The usual crew scheduling problem uses one or more of these objectives: minimum sum of crew costs, minimum number of crew required, and maximum the efficiency of crew usage.The crew scheduling problem in this study is to arrange the work plan for crew in a single bus line. The kind of urban bus line is a circle one, which means that the starting station and terminal are the same bus station. Each trip has fixed departure and arrival times and can be assigned to a crew member from a determined depot. All trips have been numbered in ascending departure time order. Each crew should be restricted to work in the same vehicle during the bus operating time. In particular, each crew duty must satisfy several complicating constraints corresponding to work rule regulation. Typical examples of such constraints are maximum working time without a break, minimum break duration, maximum total working time, and maximum duration. In this paper, the considered work rules mainly involve time shift, work intensity, and duty type compatibility constraints. The time shift constraint means that the difference between departure time of latter trip and arrival time of former trip at the same station should not be less than the minimum layover time, as for the two adjacent trips carried by the same crew. The work intensity constraint can be defined that the total work time of each crew does not exceed the maximum number of work hours corresponding to the duty type of crew.According to the different peak hours, crew duty can be divided into three types, namely, early, day, and late mode. The early duty covers morning peak hours and the range of working time is generally from 6:00 to 13:00, while the late duty covers evening peak hours, and the range of working time is generally from 15:00 to 22:00. Due to the evening peak hours forward and morning peak hours backward in weekend, the day duty covers two peak hours, and the range of working time is from 9:00 to 18:00. In this paper, we consider the three duty types mentioned before, and the sign-on and sign-off time can be chosen flexibly with work plan. The duty type compatibility constraint means that the departure time of trip should be later than the earliest sign-on time and earlier than the latest sign-off time corresponding to crew duty type.With the different working time of duty types, crew members have special requirements. For example, the total crew number with day duty should be larger than a fixed value, which should be considered fully in the crew scheduling model. Furthermore, the crew number provided by bus company is limit, thus, the total crew number with all duty types must be no more than the crew number available.The optimization objective of bus crew scheduling in this paper is to maximize the utilization of all crews, and consequently lower the operating cost. In order to make the crew more efficient, the objective function can be expressed by minimizing the total idle time of crew. The calculation of crew idle time can be shown in Figure 1. There are four trips assigned to a crew and the idle time section is three. The first idle time section begins with the arrival time of trip 1 (7:02) and ends with the departure time of trip 2 (7:08), and the value of first idle time is 6 minutes. Similarly, the second and third idle time is 10 and 15 minutes, respectively. Therefore, the total idle time of the crew is 31 minutes. The least idle time can be gained by arranging different trips with the same crew.Figure 1 The crew idle time with four trips.2.2. Definitions and NotationsThe following definitions and notations are used throughout this paper. number of trips provided by timetables in a day number of duty types of crew number of crew available in a day the least number of crew required with day duty index of the trips, index of the crew, index of duty types, , represents early duty; , represents day duty; , represents late duty number of crew with duty g departure time of trip at the starting station arrival time of trip at the terminal the least layover time at the starting station for each crew the maximum value of work hours for each crew with duty g the earliest sign-on time of crew with duty g the latest sign-off time of crew with duty g decision variables to indicate whether trip is carried out by crew with duty , takes two values: , if trip is carried out by crew with duty ; , otherwise a binary 0-1 variable which indicates the status of trip and trip carried out by crew with duty . takes two values: , if trip is the next trip after trip carried out by crew with duty ; , otherwise.2.3. Bus Crew Scheduling ModelAs defined above, the crew scheduling problem can be formulated as follows:

The objective is to minimize the total idle time of crew. As to crew with duty , the idle time between two adjacent trips and can be calculated by. Inequality (2.2) guarantees that the time shift constraint should be satisfied by each of two adjacent trips carried out by the same crew. Inequalities (2.3) and (2.4) represent the constraints of work intensity and duty type compatibility, respectively. Inequality (2.5) is the number of day duty constraint, which denotes that the number of crew with day duty should be more than or equal to the constant . Inequality (2.6) is the crew number constraint, which means that the total number of crew required should be no more than the value . Constraint (2.7) assures that each trip will be carried out by exactly one crew. Constraint (2.8) shows the relationship between variable and decision variable .3. Algorithm DesignTabu search algorithm uses a neighborhood search procedure to iteratively move from one potential solution to an improved solution, until some stopping criterion has been satisfied. The tabu search is a metaheuristic local search algorithm that can be used for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Because the major advantages of this algorithm are its simplicity, speed, and flexibility, and the urban bus crew scheduling model in the paper is a complex zero-one programming problem, we can use tabu search algorithm easily. The main parameters of algorithm are designed as follows. 3.1. Expression of SolutionThe two-dimensional integer array encoding method can be used for the solution of crew scheduling problem, in which rows are the crews, the first column is the duty type of crew and other columns are the trips. The trips are numbered in ascending departure time order. Assume that there are fifteen trips carried out by five crews. The trip chains of each crew can be expressed as follows: crew 1: 1-1-5-7-10, crew 2: 1-2-4-9, crew 3: 2-3-6-14, crew 4: 2-8-11-13, and crew 5: 3-12-15; the expression of solution can be shown in Figure 2.Figure 2 The expression of solution.Based on the value of two-dimensional array, the decoding process is the inverse of encoding process. Take the data of Figure 2, as an example, there are three duty types of crew, and the crew number with early duty (duty 1) is two. The number of trips carried out by crew 1 with early duty is 1, 5, 7, and 10, thus, the variables are , and . The number of trips carried out by crew 2 with early duty is 2, 4, and 9, thus, the variables are . The decoding methods of other crews are similar to the former method. The decoding results are shown in Figure 3.Figure 3 Decoding diagram.3.2. Generation of Initial SolutionThe initial solution is the starting point of algorithmic search. A superior quality of the initial solution will enable the algorithm to quickly converge to the optimal solution. In the process of generating the initial solution, the constraints with time shift, work intensity, and duty type compatibility should be satisfied. The procedure of the algorithm can be taken as follows:Step 1 (Initialization). The trips set carried out by crew with duty is set to an empty set, namely, , for all . The optional duty type set for trip can be defined as follows: , for all . Let , .Step 2. Determine the duty type of crew carrying out trip with the following equation: .Step 3. Calculate the crew number and the largest trip number corresponding to duty . If , where , , go to Step 4; otherwise, go to Step 6.Step 4. Verify time shift constraint. If , go to Step 5; otherwise, go to Step 6.Step 5. Verify work intensity constraint. Calculate the total work time of crew with duty , . If , go to Step 7; otherwise, go to Step 6.Step 6. Let , , go to Step 7.Step 7. Let , , go to Step 8.Step 8. If , stop and output the results; otherwise, go to Step 2.3.3. Neighborhood StructureThe neighborhood structure uses trips exchange and inserts a strategy between different crews. Trips exchange strategy can be described as follows: a single exchange point on both two parents’ trip chains is selected. The trip number of that point is swapped between the two parent organisms. The resulting organisms are the children. For example, trip 5 of crew 1 (1-1-5-7-10) is exchanged with trip 4 of crew 2 (1-2-4-9), and new solutions can be gained. The trips chain of crew 1 has become 1-1-4-7-10, and the trips chain of crew 2 has become 1-2-5-9, shown in Figure 4.Figure 4 Trips exchange strategy.Trips inserting a strategy can be described as follows: one trip from crew 1 will be inserted into the trips chain of crew 2. The insert point depends on the ascending departure time order of the trips chain of crew 2, and two new trips chains of crew will reincarnation. For example, trip 5 of crew 1 (1-1-5-7-10) is inserted into the trips chain of crew 2 (1-2-4-9); new solutions can be gained. The trips chain of crew 1 has become 1-1-7-10, and the trips chain of crew 2 has become 1-2-4-5-9, shown in Figure 5. The trips exchange or insert operation cannot be carried out, if the trips chain of any crew cannot satisfy time shift, work intensity, or duty type compatibility constraints with any of the operations.Figure 5 Trips insert strategy.3.4. Evaluation of SolutionIn order to search for better solutions in the algorithmic iterative process, it is necessary to evaluate the solution. It should calculate the value of objective function and considere the constraints at the same time. Because the initial solution has satisfied time shift, work intensity, and duty type compatibility constraints, and the new solution generated in neighborhood search also satisfies the former three constraints, the number of day duty and total crew constraints are the only factors which need to be considered. As for the solution which cannot satisfy the number of day duty and total crew constraints, it should be punished. Here we can take two parameters and as the punish factors, and both of the values take large positive numbers. If the solution can satisfy the number of day duty and total crew constraints, the value of fitness function and objective function will be equal; otherwise the value of fitness function will be much larger than the objective function, which means that the set of values for decision variables cannot create the feasible solution. The fitness function can be formulated as follows:

where represents the value of objective function. 3.5. Other ParametersThe record of tabu table is the transform (exchange or insert) node, and tabu length takes fixed length. Select the regulation based on the value of evaluation as aspiration criterion, that is, the solution of the objective can be free, if it is better than any of the currently known best candidate solution. The stopping criterion is based on the value of fitness function. If the best value does not change after a given number of iterations, the algorithm will stop the calculation.4. Numerical ExampleIn a certain urban bus line, there are 168 trips in a day. The departure time of each trip can be obtained from Table 1. The running time from the starting station to the terminal is 30 minutes. The least layover time at starting station for each crew is 3 minutes. The maximum number of crew provided by bus company is 26, and the least crew number with day duty is 9. Table 1 Departure time of trips.The parameters of tabu search algorithm are taken as follows: the tabu length is 6, both the punish factors and are 10000, and the given number of iterations without improving the solution is 100. The other parameter is given in Table 2. The optimal solution can be calculated using VC++ program, shown in Table 3. The objective value of optimal solution is 1198 minutes.Table 2 Parameter of different duty types.Table 3 The optimal results of crew scheduling.Table 3 shows that the total number of crew is 26, where the crew number with early, day, and late duty is 8, 10, and 8, respectively. The earliest and latest departure times of each crew satisfy duty type compatibility constraint. Due to the same running time of trips, the crew with longest working time is the one who carries out with the largest number of trips, namely, the numbers 2, 12, and 19. The actual working time of the former three crews has the same value of 270 minutes, which is smaller than the maximum working time. The average crew working time with day duty is relatively small with the influence of time shift and the number of day duty constraints.5. ConclusionsIn this paper, a 0-1 integer programming model with the objective of minimizing the total idle time of crew for a circle bus line in consideration of mainly various working rules and duties of different crews is developed. The considered working rules mainly involve time shift, work intensity, and duty type compatibility constraints, and the duties of crew include early, day, and late modes. A tabu search algorithm is then proposed to solve the model, and a numerical example has been given to show the effectiveness of the obtained results. The result shows that the model can effectively solve the scheduling problem with multiple duty types, and this method can thus serve as a useful tool for urban transit management department with more reasonable and pertinent assistant decision support. Furthermore, considering the crew scheduling problem with multiple transit lines and multiple depot constraints is an important topic for further research.AcknowledgmentsThe work described in this paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 50968009 and no. 71261014) and the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (no. 20096204110003).ReferencesB. M. Smith and A. Wren, “A bus crew scheduling system using a set covering formulation,” Transportation Research Part A, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 97–108, 1988.View at: Google ScholarK. Darby-Dowman and G. Mitra, “An extension of set partitioning with application to scheduling problems,” European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 200–205, 1985.View at: Publisher Site | Google Scholar | Zentralblatt MATHM. Mesquita and A. Paias, “Set partitioning/covering-based approaches for the integrated vehicle and crew scheduling problem,” Computers and Operations Research, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 1562–1575, 2008.View at: Publisher Site | Google ScholarJ. E. Beasley and B. Cao, “A dynamic programming based algorithm for the crew scheduling problem,” Computers and Operations Research, vol. 25, no. 7-8, pp. 567–582, 1998.View at: Google ScholarH. R. Lourenço, J. P. Paixão, and R. Portugal, “Multiobjective metaheuristics for the bus-driver scheduling problem,” Transportation Science, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 331–343, 2001.View at: Publisher Site | Google ScholarD. Huisman, R. Freling, and A. P. M. Wagelmans, “Multiple-depot integrated vehicle and crew scheduling,” Transportation Science, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 491–502, 2005.View at: Publisher Site | Google ScholarG. Mitra and K. Darby-Dowman, “A computer-based bus crew scheduling system using integer programming,” Computer Scheduling of Public Transport, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 223–232, 1985.View at: Google ScholarM. Desrochers and F. Soumis, “A column generation approach to the urban transit crew scheduling problem,” Transprotation Science, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 1989.View at: Google ScholarR. Clement and A. Wren, “Greedy genetic algorithms, optimizing mutations and bus driver scheduling,” Computer-Aided Transit Scheduling, Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, vol. 430, pp. 213–235, 1995.View at: Google ScholarJ. E. Beasley and B. Cao, “A tree search algorithm for the crew scheduling problem,” European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 517–526, 1996.View at: Publisher Site | Google ScholarA. Ceder, Public Transit Planning and Operation-Theory, Modelling and Practice, chapter 10, Elsevier, Oxford, UK, 2007.Y. Shen and Y. Ni, “Model for crew scheduling with time windows and multi-neighborhood structures,” Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 31–34, 2008.View at: Google ScholarY. J. Yang, Y. P. Wang, and X. M. Zhao, “Research on staff scheduling of urban passenger taxi dispatching center based on genetic algorithm,” Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 142–146, 2010.View at: Google ScholarH. M. Niu, “Determination of the skip-stop scheduling for a congested transit line by bilevel genetic algorithm,” International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1158–1167, 2011.View at: Google ScholarV. Srdjan, E. Aleksandar, and L. Imre, “Optimization of workflow scheduling in utility management system with hierarchical neural network,” International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 672–679, 2011.View at: Google ScholarO. Atli, “Tabu search and an exact algorithm for the solutions of resource-constrained project scheduling problems,” International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 255–267, 2011.View at: Google ScholarCopyrightCopyright © 2012 Mingming Chen and Huimin Niu. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.PDFDownload CitationDownload other formatsOrder printed copiesViews6267Downloads1955CitationsAbout UsContact usPartnershipsBlogJournalsArticle Processing ChargesPrint editionsAuthorsEditorsReviewersPartnershipsHindawi XML CorpusOpen Archives InitiativeFraud preventionFollow us:Privacy PolicyTerms of ServiceResponsible Disclosure PolicyCookie PolicyCopyrightModern slavery statementCookie Preferences

CREW | translate English to Spanish - Cambridge Dictionary

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Translation of crew – English–Spanish dictionary

crewnoun uk

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/kruː/ us

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/kruː/ group of people

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B1 [ C, + sing/pl verb ] a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, aircraft, etc.

tripulación an ambulance/lifeboat crew

una dotación de ambulancia, una dotación de bote salvavidas a TV/film/camera crew The aircraft has/carries a crew of seven.

More examplesFewer examplesA Spanish crew member had been washed overboard in the storm.He is a member of our camera crew.Ambulance crews battled to rescue people trapped in the wreckage.

rowing

[ U ] US the sport of rowing a boat (= causing it to move through water using poles with flat ends called oars)

remo I'd never participated in any team sports until I did crew.

Nunca había participado en un deporte de equipo hasta que hice remo. She donated millions of dollars to make women's crew a varsity sport. Porterfield would go on to row crew for the US national team. He plays hockey and rows on the crew team. (Translation of crew from the Cambridge English-Spanish Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

Translation of crew | GLOBAL English–Spanish Dictionary

crew noun [ countable ] /kru/

a group of workers working together

equipo [ masculine ]

tripulación [ feminine ] the ship’s/aircraft’s/shuttle’s crew

la tripulación del barco/avión/transbordador. a roadside clean-up crew

un equipo de limpieza en la carretera a movie crew

un equipo de filmación

people who are not officers on a military ship or airplane

tripulación [ feminine ] the captain and his crew

el capitán y su tripulación

informal a group of friends

pandilla [ feminine ] my son and his crew

mi hijo y su pandilla

Translations of crew

in Chinese (Traditional)

全體工作人員, （尤指）全體船員，全體機組人員，全體乘務人員, （除官員之外的）全體船員…

in Chinese (Simplified)

全体工作人员, （尤指）全体船员，全体机组人员，全体乘务人员, （除官员之外的）全体船员…

in Portuguese

tripulação, tripulação [feminine], equipe [feminine]…

in more languages

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in Japanese

in Turkish

in French

in Catalan

in Dutch

in Tamil

in Hindi

in Gujarati

in Danish

in Swedish

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in German

in Norwegian

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in Arabic

in Bengali

in Czech

in Indonesian

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in Vietnamese

in Polish

in Korean

in Italian

乗務員, チーム, 仲間（なかま）…

mürettebat, ekip, tayfa…

équipage [masculine], équipe [feminine], bande [feminine]…

tripulació, equip…

bemanning, gezelschap, deel uitmaken van de bemanning…

(जहाज़ या विमान के सारे कर्मचारी) क्रू, दल, दस्ता…

કર્મચારીગણ, ટુકડી…

besætning, mandskab, slæng…

besättning, gäng, jobba i ngns lag (gäng…

kakitangan, krew, menyertai…

die Besatzung, die Bande, einspringen…

besetning [masculine], lag [neuter], team [neuter]…

عملہ (ہوائی جہاز یا بحری جہاز چلانے اور انتظام کرنے والا عملہ), بحری جہاز, طیارہ وغیرہ پر کام کرنےوالےافراد…

команда, екіпаж, бути членом команди…

команда, экипаж, бригада…

క్రూ, కలిసి పనిచేసే వ్యక్తుల సమూహం, ముఖ్యంగా ఓడ…

طاقَم…

জাহাজ, নৌকো, বিমান…

posádka, banda, být členem posádky…

awak, kelompok, menjadi awak…

ลูกเรือ, กลุ่มคน, เป็นลูกมือ…

thủy thủ đoàn, phi đội, bọn…

załoga, ekipa, zgraja…

승무원, (특정 기술을 가지고 함께 일하는) 팀, 조…

equipaggio, squadra (di soccorso), troupe (di un film)…

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English–Spanish

Noun

crew (group of people)

crew (rowing)

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Crew Pairing Optimization with Genetic Algorithms | SpringerLink

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Hellenic Conference on Artificial IntelligenceSETN 2002: Methods and Applications of Artificial Intelligence

109–120Cite as

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Methods and Applications of Artificial Intelligence

Conference paper

Crew Pairing Optimization with Genetic Algorithms

Harry Kornilakis3 & Panagiotis Stamatopoulos3

Conference paper

First Online: 01 January 2002

1194 Accesses

Citations

Part of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNAI,volume 2308)

AbstractWe present an algorithm for the crew pairing problem, an optimization problem that is part of the airline crew scheduling procedure. A pairing is a round trip starting and ending at the home base, which is susceptible to constraints that arise due to laws and regulations. The purpose of the crew pairing problem is to generate a set of pairings with minimal cost, covering all flight legs that the company has to carry out during a predefined time period. The proposed solution is a two-phase procedure. For the first phase, the pairing generation, a depth first search approach is employed. The second phase deals with the selection of a subset of the generated pairings with near optimal cost. This problem, which is modelled by a set covering formulation, is solved with a genetic algorithm. The presented method was tested on actual flight data of Olympic Airways.KeywordsGenetic AlgorithmPairing GenerationRound TripCrew ScheduleHome BaseThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

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ReferencesAnbil R., Gelman E., Patty B., Tanga R. Recent Advances in Crew-Pairing Optimization at American Airlines. Interfaces, 21(1):62–74, 1991.

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Andersson E., Housos E., Kohl N., Wedelin D. Crew Pairing Optimization. in Yu G. (ed.) Operations Research in the Airline Industry. Kluwer Academic Publishing, 1997.

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Carpara A., Fischetti M., Toth P. A Heuristic Algorithm for the Set Covering Problem. Operations Research, 47:730–743, 1999.MathSciNet

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Desaulniers J., Desrosiers J., Dumas Y., Marc S., Rioux B., Solomon M. M., Soumis F. Crew Pairing at Air France. European Journal of Operational Research, 97:245–259, 1997.Article

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Eremeev A. A Genetic Algorithm with a Non-Binary Representation for the Set Covering Problem. In Proceedings of Operations Research’ 98, pages 175–181, 1999.

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Download referencesAuthor informationAuthors and AffiliationsDepartment of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, 157 84, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, GreeceHarry Kornilakis & Panagiotis StamatopoulosAuthorsHarry KornilakisView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarPanagiotis StamatopoulosView author publicationsYou can also search for this author in

PubMed Google ScholarEditor informationEditors and AffiliationsDept. of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54006, Thessaloniki, GreeceIoannis P. Vlahavas N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Inst. of Informatics & Telecommunications Software and Knowledge Engineering Lab, 15310, Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceConstantine D. Spyropoulos Rights and permissionsReprints and permissionsCopyright information© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin HeidelbergAbout this paperCite this paperKornilakis, H., Stamatopoulos, P. (2002). Crew Pairing Optimization with Genetic Algorithms.

In: Vlahavas, I.P., Spyropoulos, C.D. (eds) Methods and Applications of Artificial Intelligence. SETN 2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2308. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46014-4_11Download citation.RIS.ENW.BIBDOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46014-4_11Published: 19 March 2002

Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

Print ISBN: 978-3-540-43472-6

Online ISBN: 978-3-540-46014-5eBook Packages: Springer Book ArchiveShare this paperAnyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:Get shareable linkSorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.Copy to clipboard

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CREW | traducir al español - Cambridge Dictionary

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Traducción de crew – Diccionario Inglés-Español

crewnoun uk

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/kruː/ us

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

/kruː/ group of people

Add to word list

B1 [ C, + sing/pl verb ] a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, aircraft, etc.

tripulación an ambulance/lifeboat crew

una dotación de ambulancia, una dotación de bote salvavidas a TV/film/camera crew The aircraft has/carries a crew of seven.

Más ejemplosMenos ejemplosA Spanish crew member had been washed overboard in the storm.He is a member of our camera crew.Ambulance crews battled to rescue people trapped in the wreckage.

rowing

[ U ] US the sport of rowing a boat (= causing it to move through water using poles with flat ends called oars)

remo I'd never participated in any team sports until I did crew.

Nunca había participado en un deporte de equipo hasta que hice remo. She donated millions of dollars to make women's crew a varsity sport. Porterfield would go on to row crew for the US national team. He plays hockey and rows on the crew team. (Traducción de crew del Cambridge English-Spanish Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

Traducción of crew | Diccionario GLOBAL Inglés-Español

crew noun [ countable ] /kru/

a group of workers working together

equipo [ masculine ]

tripulación [ feminine ] the ship’s/aircraft’s/shuttle’s crew

la tripulación del barco/avión/transbordador. a roadside clean-up crew

un equipo de limpieza en la carretera a movie crew

un equipo de filmación

people who are not officers on a military ship or airplane

tripulación [ feminine ] the captain and his crew

el capitán y su tripulación

informal a group of friends

pandilla [ feminine ] my son and his crew

mi hijo y su pandilla

Traducciones de crew

en chino (tradicional)

全體工作人員, （尤指）全體船員，全體機組人員，全體乘務人員, （除官員之外的）全體船員…

en chino (simplificado)

全体工作人员, （尤指）全体船员，全体机组人员，全体乘务人员, （除官员之外的）全体船员…

en portugués

tripulação, tripulação [feminine], equipe [feminine]…

en más idiomas

in Marathi

en japonés

en turco

en francés

en catalán

in Dutch

in Tamil

in Hindi

in Gujarati

en danés

in Swedish

en malayo

en alemán

en noruego

in Urdu

in Ukrainian

en ruso

in Telugu

en árabe

in Bengali

en checo

en indonesio

en tailandés

en vietnamita

en polaco

en coreano

en italiano

乗務員, チーム, 仲間（なかま）…

mürettebat, ekip, tayfa…

équipage [masculine], équipe [feminine], bande [feminine]…

tripulació, equip…

bemanning, gezelschap, deel uitmaken van de bemanning…

(जहाज़ या विमान के सारे कर्मचारी) क्रू, दल, दस्ता…

કર્મચારીગણ, ટુકડી…

besætning, mandskab, slæng…

besättning, gäng, jobba i ngns lag (gäng…

kakitangan, krew, menyertai…

die Besatzung, die Bande, einspringen…

besetning [masculine], lag [neuter], team [neuter]…

عملہ (ہوائی جہاز یا بحری جہاز چلانے اور انتظام کرنے والا عملہ), بحری جہاز, طیارہ وغیرہ پر کام کرنےوالےافراد…

команда, екіпаж, бути членом команди…

команда, экипаж, бригада…

క్రూ, కలిసి పనిచేసే వ్యక్తుల సమూహం, ముఖ్యంగా ఓడ…

طاقَم…

জাহাজ, নৌকো, বিমান…

posádka, banda, být členem posádky…

awak, kelompok, menjadi awak…

ลูกเรือ, กลุ่มคน, เป็นลูกมือ…

thủy thủ đoàn, phi đội, bọn…

załoga, ekipa, zgraja…

승무원, (특정 기술을 가지고 함께 일하는) 팀, 조…

equipaggio, squadra (di soccorso), troupe (di un film)…

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cretinous

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

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crevice

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crib

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healthspan

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/ˈhelθ.spæn/

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/ˈhelθ.spæn/

the number of years that someone lives or can expect to live in reasonably good health

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Noun

crew (group of people)

crew (rowing)

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im token2.0钱包下载|crew

im token2.0钱包下载|crew

CREW | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

CREW | Định nghĩa trong Từ điển tiếng Anh Cambridge

International Space Station Expeditions - NASA

CREW | 意味, Cambridge 英語辞書での定義

B-17 | Crew, Range, & Bomb Load | Britannica

Airline crew scheduling: models, algorithms, and data sets | EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics

Just a moment...

Crew | shipping personnel | Britannica

SpaceX Crew-7 – Commercial Crew Program

Page restricted | ScienceDirect

Just a moment...

Page restricted | ScienceDirect

Page restricted | ScienceDirect

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 Mission

Apollo missions | Description, Crew, Dates, & Facts | Britannica

Space Station Assignments Out for NASA’s SpaceX Crew-8 Mission - NASA

CREW | significado en inglés - Cambridge Dictionary

CREW - Swansea University

A Model for Bus Crew Scheduling Problem with Multiple Duty Types

CREW | translate English to Spanish - Cambridge Dictionary

Just a moment...

Crew Pairing Optimization with Genetic Algorithms | SpringerLink

CREW | traducir al español - Cambridge Dictionary

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im token2.0钱包下载|crew

im token2.0钱包下载|crew

CREW | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

CREW | Định nghĩa trong Từ điển tiếng Anh Cambridge

International Space Station Expeditions - NASA

CREW | 意味, Cambridge 英語辞書での定義

B-17 | Crew, Range, & Bomb Load | Britannica

Airline crew scheduling: models, algorithms, and data sets | EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics

Just a moment...

Crew | shipping personnel | Britannica

SpaceX Crew-7 – Commercial Crew Program

Page restricted | ScienceDirect

Just a moment...

Page restricted | ScienceDirect

Page restricted | ScienceDirect

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 Mission

Apollo missions | Description, Crew, Dates, & Facts | Britannica

Space Station Assignments Out for NASA’s SpaceX Crew-8 Mission - NASA

CREW | significado en inglés - Cambridge Dictionary

CREW - Swansea University

A Model for Bus Crew Scheduling Problem with Multiple Duty Types

CREW | translate English to Spanish - Cambridge Dictionary

Just a moment...

Crew Pairing Optimization with Genetic Algorithms | SpringerLink

CREW | traducir al español - Cambridge Dictionary

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