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Massacre

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Incident of killing civilians

For other uses, see Massacre (disambiguation).

Part of a series onHomicide

Murder

Note: Varies by jurisdiction

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List of massacres in the Philippines - Wikipedia

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1Before 1900

21900-1930

31930s

41940s

51950s

61960s

71970s

81980s

91990s

102000s

112010s

122020s

13References

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List of massacres in the Philippines

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This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (October 2018)

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

This is a list of massacres that have taken place in the Philippines.

Before 1900[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Chinese Massacre of 1603

October 1603

Manila, Captaincy General of the Philippines

15,000–25,000[1]

Fearing an uprising by the large Chinese community in the Philippines, the Spanish colonists carried out the massacre, largely in the Manila area.[2]

Chinese Massacre of 1639

1639

Luzon, Captaincy General of the Philippines

17,000–22,000[1]

The Spanish and their Filipino allies carried out a large-scale massacre, in which 17,000 to 22,000 Chinese rebels died.

Chinese Massacre of 1662

1662

Manila

Several thousand[1]

Cholera massacre

9 October 1820

Manila

A cholera epidemic sparked rumors that foreigners were poisoning the water supply, lead to a massacre that saw a mob of about 3000 men kill Europeans, mostly Spaniards, and Chinese nationals.[3][4][5]

1900-1930[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Balangiga massacre

28 September 1901

Balangiga, Eastern Samar

48[6][7](American soldiers)

A mess area was attacked by hundreds of residents led by Valeriano Abanador during the Philippine-American War, marking the US Army's "worst defeat" since the Battle of Little Big Horn in 1876.[8][9]

Samar Campaign

December 1901 to February 1902

Samar

2,000–50,000 (Filipino soldiers and civilians)[10][11][12]

Many Filipino historians argue that the true "Balangiga massacre" was the subsequent American retaliation, which was marked by orders to turn the island of Samar into a "howling wilderness" and the killing of civilians as young as 10 years old who could carry a weapon.[13] Although the original American report claimed that only 39 people were killed,[14] estimates by actual historians range from around 2,000[10] to roughly 50,000.[11][12]

Malabang incident

12 May 1904

Malabang, Lanao district, Moro Province

53 (all of Filipino families of employees of the American military government stationed in the town)

A band of Moros from the Rio Grande valley, led by a certain Datu Alis, perpetrated the attack.[15]

Moro Crater massacre (Battle of Bud Dajo)

10 March 1906

Jolo Island

600

(figures varied)

Battle between American soldiers and Moro rebels lasted for 4 days. Only seven were captured including three women and four children. Eighteen men escaped from the mountain.[16][17][18]

1930s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Malita incident

22 February 1932

Malita, Davao

10 (including a municipal vice mayor)

Moros were suspected as perpetrators of the attack.[19]

1940s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Pantingan River massacre

(War crime)

12 April 1942

Bataan

350–400

(all soldiers)

Victims were killed in a mass execution by the Imperial Japanese Army while on their way from Bagac to Limay during the Bataan Death March.[20]

San Beda Massacres

(War crime)

July 1942

Manila

(Civilians)

In 1946, Nena Ablan testified during the trial of Gen. Masaharu Homma that she witnessed inside the campus of San Beda College various tortures on Filipinos, such as physical assault using martial arts, sticks, and burning. She also testified some of these civilians were summarily executed by beheading.[21]

Dansalan Massacres

(War crime)

August 1942

Dansalan, Lanao

Unknown

(Civilians)

A company of Japanese soldiers went to the city and started burning houses. As the population panicked and resisted, the Japanese soldiers started bayoneting and shooting at them. 4 Japanese soldiers died as well during the incident.[21]

Pagaeaw-aeaw Tragedy

(War crime)

21 October 1942

Banga, Aklan

hundreds

(civilians)

Victims were killed when the Japanese entered the town[22]

Taban Massacre

(War crime)

17 August 1943

Alimodian, Iloilo

(civilians)

A surprise attack on the town's market located in Barrio Taban. The victims were bayoneted and beheaded with sabers.[23]

Mambaling Massacre

(War crime)

28 July 1944

Mambaling, Cebu City

Summary execution of 12 civilians

(civilians)

On 25 July 1944, Japanese soldiers on patrol were ambushed in Barrio Mambaling. Three days later with the help of Filipino collaborator, Antonio Racaza, the Kempeitai returned to Mambaling, and arrested Vicente Abadiano, Nazario Abadiano, Tereso Sanchez, Fidencio Delgado, and twenty other local male residents whom they suspected were guerrillas. All the men were tortured, and 12 were summarily executed by the Japanese soldiers and Filipino collaborators.[24]

Cordova Assault

(War crime)

19 August 1944

Cordova, Cebu

3 beheadings, townsfolk tortured

(civilians)

Japanese Kempeitai came on shore at Cordova on Mactan Island to round up suspected guerrillas. With the help of Filipino collaborators, they arrested the town mayor, Martin Francisco, and placed the men and women of the town into the Central School building. The women were made to strip, while the men were beaten with baseball bats. 3 suspected guerrillas were beheaded by Cpl. Iwao Ishizaka, and Cpl. Muraki.[25]

Shinyō Maru massacre

7 September 1944

off Mindanao, Sulu Sea

668

In an attack on a Japanese convoy by the American submarine USS Paddle, 668 Allied prisoners of war were massacred by the Japanese or killed when their ship, the SS Shinyō Maru was sunk. Only 82 Americans survived and were later rescued.[26]

November North Cemetery Massacre

(War crime)

November 1944

Manila North Cemetery

(all soldiers)

According to a Filipino-Japanese Fermin Yamasaki, 17 Filipino detainees from the Cortibarte Garrison were brought by Japanese soldiers, 3rd Lt.Tachibana, Sgt. Kataoka, and Pvt. 1st Class Akiyama, and lined up in a hole that was forced dug by 3 Filipinos. The 27 were one by one decapitated by the Japanese.[27]

Palawan massacre

(War crime)

14 December 1944

Palawan

138

(all Americans)

Japanese soldiers, fearing an American landing, herded some 150 Allied prisoners of war into air raid shelters and foxholes wherein most of them were burned alive; those who escaped were shot or bayoneted. Only eleven survived. Majority of the 34 implicated Japanese officers and men were later convicted yet eventually given prison sentences.[28]

Mangkaeng massacre

23 January 1945

Guising Norte, Naguilian, La Union

400

(all civilians)

Japanese forces fired at the victims.[29]

East Tagaytay Massacre

29 January 1945

Tagaytay, Cavite

90 Filipino civilians

(all civilians)

As testified by farmer Miguel Ocampo, some 90 civilians were gathered by the Japanese Kempeitai at the Padilla residence. They were brought to a ravine not far from the house, and were one by one executed with bolo knives and thrown down the ravine. Ocampo and Elicero Nuestro survived the ordeal.[27]

Manila massacre

(War crime)

February to March 1945

Various places in Manila.

At least 100,000

Series of massacres committed by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Battle of Manila.[30]

Massacre of Squadron 77

February 1945

Malolos, Bulacan

109

(Hukbalahap guerrillas)

Squadron 77 was returning home from Pampanga and was surrounded by American and Filipino soldiers, disarmed and brought before USAFFE Col Adonias Maclang, who ordered them shot and buried in a mass grave. Maclang was later appointed mayor of Malolos by US Counter-Intelligence Corps (CIC) officers who approved the executions.[31]

Legarda Street Massacre

5 February 1945

Legarda St., Manila

47 Japanese Prison Guards

When Gen. Douglas MacArthur directed the 1st Cavalry Division to send a flying column to University of Santo Tomas to rescue the civilian internees, Japanese prison guards took a last stand at the main building and held 220 hostages. After 4 days negotiations brokered through Ernest Stanley, the Japanese were allowed to leave the campus, and join their comrades south towards Malacañang Palace. The Japanese convoy headed by Lt. Col. Toshio Hayashi lost their way, and ended up along Legarda Street, where Filipino guerrillas and civilians ambushed them in retaliation of the massacres that occurred during the Battle of Manila.[32]

Pamintahan Massacre

(War Crime)

27 February 1945

Lipa, Batangas

451, including 1 parish priest, and 2 minors

(Civilians)

Male residents of barrios Anilao and Antipolo were gathered by Filipino collaborators, Japanese Army officers and enlisted men at a seminary south of Lipa with a promise of being given special travel passes through Japanese-occupied territory. Upon arrival at the Pamintahan Creek, the lured men and were indiscriminately shot at and executed.[33]

Calamba Massacre

(War Crime)

27 February 1945

Calamba, Laguna

6,000

(Civilians)

In retaliation for the Allied Raid on Los Baños which rescued internees held by the Japanese military.[34]

Cebu Normal School Execution

(War Crime)

26 March 1945

Cebu Normal School, Cebu City

5 Filipino civilians, 2 American POWs

(Civilians)

As testified by Teodoro Sanchez during the trial of Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita, 5 Filipino suspected guerrillas, namely Roberto Tan, Lucente, Castillo, 2 unnamed, and 2 captured American airmen, were brought to foxholes at the southeast corner of the campus and beheaded by the Kempetai under Capt. Tsuruyama, Lt. Sakati, Sgt. Higashi, Sgt. Saito and Cpl. Wada.[27]

Consuelo Massacre

April 1946

Consuelo, Macabebe, Pampanga

Unknown

Community was shelled by the military believing it to be a hideout of the Huks[35]

Masico Massacre

November 27, 1947

Masico, Pila, Laguna

50-51

(farmers)

Massacred during a dance by soldiers after being suspected as Huks[36]

Ambush of Aurora Quezon, former First Lady of the Philippines

April 28, 1949

Salubsob, Bongabon, Nueva Ecija

Waylaid and ambushed by Huk guerrillas. Among the dead were Mrs. Quezon's daughter, son-in-law, driver and military escorts as well as Ponciano Bernardo, Mayor of Quezon City[37]

1950s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Panampunan Massacre

January 3, 1950

Panampunan,Tarlac, Tarlac

Victims killed by soldiers trying to cover up the accidental death of one companion during an anti-Huk operation[38]

Maliwalu massacre

April 7, 1950

Maliwalu, Bacolor, Pampanga

(all farmers)

Occurred on Good Friday, victims were executed allegedly as "revenge" for the death of a military captain Nonong Serrano said to be a leader of the private army working for Pampanga Gov. Jose B. Lingad, and was reportedly killed by Hukbalahap members in the same place. This caused Lingad to lose his reelection bid in 1951.[39][40]

Camp Macabulos massacre

26 August 1950

Camp Macabulos, Tarlac, Tarlac

(23 soldiers, 17 civilians)

Huk attack on army barracks[41]

Maragondon massacre

September 1952

Maragondon, Cavite

(Municipal mayor, police chief, 2 policemen)

Allegedly on the orders of Senator Justiniano Montano, from the victim's rival political party, Leonardo Manecio (Nardong Putik), his alleged hired killer, and his henchmen kidnapped mayor Severino Rillo and stabbed him to death along with the town's police chief and his officers.[42][43][44][45]

The involved, the senator and his men including Manecio, the vice mayor and two councilors, were accused and charged of the killings. Manecio was later convicted, but the senator was acquitted.[42][46]

1960s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

RCA Building incident

26 August 1963

RCA Bldg., Canonigo St., Paco, Manila

(security guards of the RCA Bldg.)

Victims were killed by a gang using a fireman's axe during a robbery; another guard and a carpenter survived. It was found to be an inside job involving 4 employees, with another guard Apolonio Adriano as the killer; they were convicted and sentenced to death in 1966.[47]

Culatingan massacre

13 June 1966

Culatingan, Concepcion, Tarlac

(all farmers)

Three Philippine Constabulary (PC) agents shot 7 farmers; 2 of them survived. Authorities said that they were Huk members engaged in battle with them, but the town vice mayor, as well as the survivors, contradicted this claim.[39][48]

Then Tarlac Gov. Benigno Aquino Jr., actively involved in the investigation, blamed the PC for the murders, marking his first confrontations with President Ferdinand Marcos.[49]

Lapiang Malaya massacre

(Bloody Sunday)

21 May 1967

Taft Avenue, Pasay

(32 were farmers from Southern Luzon)

Bolo-wielding members of the Lapiang Malaya (Freedom Movement)]] marched to Malacañang Palace to hold a rally, but were attacked on the way by police armed with rifles; 358 more were arrested and taken to Camp Crame in Quezon City.[48][50][51]

Jabidah massacre

18 March 1968

Corregidor Island

(figures varied: claims from a sole survivor, student activists, CMFR & MNLF)

Muslim youth trained for "Operation Merdeka" were allegedly shot by their training officers.[52][53][54] The massacre served as a catalyst for the Moro conflict.

Libacao incident

13 May 1969

Libacao, Aklan

(all tribesmen)

A tribal village was attacked and looted by rival tribesmen armed with jungle knives.[55]

Tarlac incident

8 October 1969

Between Capas, and Camp O'Donnell, Tarlac.

(civilian security guards of the US Naval radio station, driver)

Victims were shot while on their transport vehicle.[56]

1970s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Paraiso Massacre

24 June 1970

Paraiso, Tarlac, Tarlac

(barangay officials, driver)

Attack by Huks on a convoy[57]

San Marcelino Massacre

18 September 1970

San Marcelino, Zambales

Attack by Huks on the Mayor's residence[58]

Manili massacre

19 June 19, 1971

Manili, Carmen, North Cotabato

(all civilians)

Muslim villagers were killed by soldiers inside a mosque.[59][60][61]

Tacub massacre

24 October 1971

Magsaysay, Lanao del Norte

40-66

[62]

Zamboanga City Massacre

5 September 1974

Zamboanga City

Five raiders described as Christians, armed with bolo knives and automatic rifles, raided an upland settlement and killed Muslims.[63]

Malisbong (Palimbang) massacre

24 September 1974

Malisbong, Palimbang, Sultan Kudarat

1.000–1.500

(figures varied; all civilians)

Government forces burned the entire village with 300 houses, Moro men were shot inside Tacbil mosque, women and children were arrested and detained, some of them were tortured. Victims were recognized by the government in 2014.[16][52][59][60][64][65][66]

Maimbung ambush

16 January 1975

Maimbung, Sulu

Muslim rebels wiped out a military patrol[67]

Wao Massacre

8 August 1975

Wao, Lanao del Sur

Muslim rebels ambushed a truck carrying 34 civilians, killed one, tied the rest together and took them to a village in Bukidnon, where they were gunned down. Two survived.[68]

New Calamba Massacre

19 February 1976

New Calamba, Kalawit, Zamboanga del Norte

Muslim rebels ambushed a bus carrying more than 50 people[69]

Bingcul massacre

1977

Bingcul village, somewhere in Mindanao

(all civilians)

Four survived. As the National Bureau of Investigation disclosed the incident in 1980, murder charges were recommended against seven government militiamen who allegedly killed Muslim villagers and burned down their homes.[70]

Tictapul incident

1977

Tictapul, Zamboanga City

60-Several Hundred[71][72]

(all civilians)

A local Catholic priest stated the army burned the town after giving residents a few hours to move out. He said 60 to 600 people had probably been killed and only a mosque and a school were left standing. Laisa Masuhud Alamia, a survivor, claimed 400 were killed, including several Christian families.[52][73]

Patikul massacre

10 October 1977

Patikul, Sulu

35 (all soldiers)

The victims, including Brig. Gen. Teodulfo Bautista, commanding general of the 1st Infantry "Tabak" Division of the Philippine Army, were tricked into attending a "peace dialogue" with a group of MNLF rebels led by Usman Sali and were then ambushed and killed.

Buluan incident

16 July 1978

Buluan, Maguindanao

(all civilians)

Soldiers shot some 15 farmers working in a field.[60]

1980s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Kabankalan Killings

March 1980

Marcopa, Kabankalan, Negros Occidental

Peasants arrested by the military and later found buried in a farm owned by the town mayor in September[74]

Bongao Massacre

April 1980

Bongao, Tawi-Tawi

Philippine marines massacred them during the Moro rebellion. Motive unknown.[75]

Pata Island massacre

12 February 1981

Pata, Sulu

124

(government forces)

Government soldiers were ambushed by Muslim rebels before supposed peace talks in retaliation for the theft of jewelry by soldiers while villagers were at prayer in the mosque;[76] at that time, the worst attack since 1974 and the worst defeat on their side.[77][78] Sources, however, tagged the retaliation as a real massacre, wherein 3,000 Tausug civilians were killed in an operation launched by the military.[59]

Daet massacre

14 June 1981

Daet, Camarines Norte

(all civilians)

Marching protesters were fired upon by soldiers; more than 40 were wounded.[79][80][81][82]

Beberon Killings

23 August 1981

Beberon, San Fernando, Camarines Sur

Farmers abducted and killed by soldiers[83]

Tudela incident

(Family murders)

24 August 1981

Sitio Gitason, Brgy. Lampasan, Tudela, Misamis Occidental

(family members)

Paramilitary members of a quasi-religious sect called Rock Christ attacked the Gumapon residence with 12 persons inside.[79][80]

Sag-od massacre

15 September 1981

Barrio Sag-od, Las Navas, Northern Samar

(all civilians)

Eighteen armed men identified with the Special Forces–Integrated Civilian Home Defense Forces, consisting of security guards of a logging company and paramilitary forces, gathered residents out of their homes and shot them in groups; also burned some of them, and looted the village which later declared inhabitable for sometime since survivors were unable to return due to fear of being killed by perpetrators.[79][80][84]

Culasi incident

19 December 1981

Culasi, Antique

(all farmers)

Philippine Constabulary forces fired at a group of at least 400 marching residents while on the bridge; several were injured.[39][79][80]

Bato incident

25 December 1981

Bato, Camarines Sur

NPA ambush on a government vehicle[85]

Talugtug incident

3 January 1982

Talugtug, Nueva Ecija

(all civilians)

Victims were gathered by the military. They were found dead a day later.[79][80]

Dumingag incident

February 1982

Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur

(all civilians)

Members of Ilaga cult killed the victims in retaliation for the death of their leader.[79][80]

Gapan incident

(Family murders)

12 February 1982

Gapan, Nueva Ecija

(family members: couple, 3 children)

Men in camouflage attacked Bautista family's house.[80]

Hinunangan incident

23 March 1982

Masaymon, Hinunangan, Southern Leyte

(all civilians, 6 were aged 3–18)

Members of the Orillo family killed by soldiers.[79]

Bayog incident

25 May – June 1982

Dimalinao, Bayog, Zamboanga del Sur

(all civilians)

In retaliation for the death of 23 soldiers on 23 May, the military launched airstrikes on the village, killing 3. Victims were picked up days later, on 30 May and 18 June, then killed. It was followed by an attack on the parish priest's residence.[79][80]

Bulacan massacre

21 June 1982

Pulilan, Bulacan

(all civilians)

Six peasant organizers conducting a meeting at a farmer's house were raided by soldiers and five of them were taken away. They were found dead in San Rafael a day after. Only one, who evaded the raid, survived.[79][80][86]

Labo incident

23 June 1982

Labo, Camarines Norte

(all civilians)

In retaliation for the death of a soldier's friend, victims finishing the construction of the army detachment were shot by its soldiers.[79]

Tong Umapoy massacre

1983

Tawi-Tawi

(all civilians)

A Navy ship allegedly fired on a passenger boat, killing people on board.[64]

Don Mariano Marcos Massacre

16 April 1983

Don Mariano Marcos, Misamis Occidental

(Integrated Civilian Home Defense Force)

Killed by soldiers as punishment for losing their weapons to the NPA[87]

Godod Ambush

(Rebel attack)

29 September 1983

Godod, Zamboanga del Norte

(39 soldiers, 7 civilians)

About 70 suspected NPA rebels ambushed an army patrol unit in what was then the worst single attack on Government forces since the start of the NPA rebellion; only eleven survived.[88]

Digos Killings

13–14 November 1983

Digos, Davao del Sur

Abducted and later killed by soldiers who accused them of involvement in the killing of a lieutenant.[87]

Adlay Massacre

19 November 1983

Sitio Adlay, Anahao Daan, Tago, Surigao del Sur

Attack on the village by paramilitaries[87]

Sibalom Bridge Massacre

13 May 1984

Pangpang Bridge, Sibalom, Antique

Supporters of Batasang Pambansa candidate Evelio Javier killed by suspected gunmen of a pro-Marcos political rival.[89]

Libacao Ambush

26 August 1984

Libacao, Aklan

Attack on a convoy carrying the town mayor and his escorts from the CHDF by the New People's Army.[90]

Sinasa village massacre

9 September 1985

Sinasa, Davao City

(perpetrator and his followers)

Religious leader Mangayanon Butaog fed poisoned food to his followers in a remote mountain village, murdered his wife and two children with a machete, and later committed suicide; five survived.[91]

Escalante massacre

20 September 1985

Escalante, Negros Occidental

(all civilians)

A crowd of estimated 5,000, holding a strike, were shot by government forces during dispersal; scores injured. The involved policemen were jailed and later released on parole in 2003.[39][79][92][93][94]

Balamban murders

5 October 1985

Balamban, Cebu

(family members)

Skeletal remains of Anugot family members were exhumed on 29 August 2008.[95]

Inopacan massacre

1985[96]

Mt. Sapang Dako, Baranggay Culisihan, Inopacan, Leyte[97][98][99]

New People's Army purge were discovered by authorities in a mass grave site on 28 August 2006.[96][97][98][99][100]

Guinobatan ambush

3 March 1986

Guinobatan, Albay

NPA attack on an army transport.[101]

Gumaca ambush

2 July 1986

Gumaca, Quezon

NPA attack on an army convoy.[102]

Pamplona ambush

2 July 1986

Pamplona, Cagayan

NPA attack[102]

Mendiola massacre(Black Thursday)

January 22, 1987

Mendiola, San Miguel, Manila

(all civilians)

Government forces opened fire on thousands of farmers marching to Malacañang Palace; 39 were injured. None were convicted.[103]

Lupao massacre

10 February 1987

Sitio Padlao, Namulandayan, Lupao, Nueva Ecija

(all civilians)

Victims were killed by soldiers, reportedly in retaliation for the death of a platoon leader killed by NPA. Soldiers involved were later acquitted by a court martial.[104]

Candulawan massacre

28 February 1987

Candulawan, Talisay, Cebu

Villagers killed by paramilitaries[105]

Malinao ambush

4 May 1987

Malinao, Aklan

NPA Attack on government soldiers[106]

Pantar Massacre

29 June 1987

Pantar, Lanao del Norte

(Islamic missionaries)

Members of the international Islamic missionary group, Tablighi Jamaat, including 2 Malaysian nationals, were stopped and killed in the vicinity of an army checkpoint[105]

Mahaling Massacre

9 August 1987

Mahaling, Himamaylan, Negros Occidental

Members of a Basic Christian Community abducted and killed by paramilitaries[105]

DXRA massacre

27 August 1987

Davao City

(4 local mediamen; 5 civilians)

Communist rebels attacked radio stations DXRA and DXMF, however, failed to cause casualties to the latter.[107]

Lason Batch

5 September 1987

Zamboanga City

19[108]

More than 200 Philippine Constabulary soldiers fell ill and showed symptoms of pesticide poisoning after taking refreshments from supposed civilians while jogging, with the equivalent of an entire platoon dying over the next three days. The group behind the mass poisoning was never identified.

Camalig Ambush

27 February 1988

Camalig, Albay

NPA Attack on the Philippine Army Scout Rangers[109]

Tukuran Massacre

16 September 1988

San Antonio, Tukuran, Zamboanga del Sur

Villagers were tortured and killed by soldiers who accused them of being NPA rebels[110]

Midsalip massacre

(Family murders)

22 November 1988

Midsalip, Zamboanga del Sur

(family members: couple and seven of their children)

Victims were hacked to death in their home, by assailants in an apparent robbery. Two other children managed to survive.[111]

Bagtik massacre

(Shooting incident)

22 November 1988

Bagtik, San Remigio, Cebu

(all civilians)

Gunmen arrived in an isolated mountain area and shot around the chapel, while villagers gathered there for evening prayers, as well as an adjacent residence. At least 12 were wounded, three of them critically. Authorities were able to learn about the incident two days later.[111][112]

Pagao Massacre

18 February 1989

Carayman, Calbayog, Western Samar

Civilians, including 4 members of the Pagao family were killed by soldiers under the guise of an encounter with the NPA[110]

Santa Catalina Massacre

29 March 1989

Buenavista, Santa Catalina, Negros Oriental

(farmers)

Abducted and killed by anti-communist paramilitaries[110]

Paombong Massacre

28 April 1989

San Jose, Paombong, Bulacan

Claimed by soldiers to have been caught in an encounter after initially claiming that the victims were NPA rebels[110]

Rano massacre

25 June 1989

Binaton, Digos, Davao del Sur

37-41

(figures varied; mostly unarmed civilians, some armed anti-communist vigilantes, some count include 2 claimed NPA rebel deaths)

Thirty-nine victims were members of the United Church of Christ congregation, killed in church. Two NPA rebels also killed in an encounter. At least eight others were wounded.[113]

1989 Davao hostage crisis

13–15 August 1989

Davao City

A hostage-taking incident, army jail detainees took as hostages 15 Joyous Assembly of God members; 5 Christian Pentecostals and 16 detainees, also hostages, were killed.[114]

1990s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Pinukpuk Massacre

21 January 1990

Pinukpuk, Kalinga-Apayao

Killed by unknown gunmen. One of the victims, Ayangwa Claver, was the son of a prominent supporter of autonomy for the Cordillera.[110]

Mamindiala Massacre

(Family murders)

3 August 1990

New Passi, Tacurong, Sultan Kudarat

Members of the Mamindiala family killed by soldiers who claimed that they were Muslim rebels[110][115][116]

Peralta Massacre

(Family murders)

16 August 1990

Manlocboc, Aguilar, Pangasinan

Members of the Peralta family killed by gunmen working for a police sergeant[110]

Vizconde massacre

(Family murders)

30 June 1991

BF Homes, Parañaque, Metro Manila

Vizconde family members were the victims, all had suffered multiple stab wounds. Hubert Webb, scion of a prominent family was convicted of masterminding the killings in 2000 but was later acquitted by the Supreme Court in 2010

Bensen Massacre

(Family murders)

30 June 1991

Hacienda Wawa, Santa Rosa, Murcia, Negros Occidental

Members of the same family, including a pregnant woman, killed by suspected soldiers possibly for their involvement in trade union activities[110]

Talacogon Massacre

16 October 1991

Del Monte, Talacogon, Agusan del Sur

Leaders of a religious sect killed by the NPA for their role in counter-insurgency operations[110]

Marihatag ambush

15 February 1992

Marihatag, Surigao del Sur

47[117]

NPA ambush on an army convoy

Sablan massacre

(Family murders)

18–19 June 1992

Sitio Dakes, Banangan, Sablan, Benguet

(family members: survivor's sister and 2 cousins)

Victims were killed by five policemen; Myrna Diones was the only survivor.[118]

Tungawan massacres

(Rebel attack)

13 December 1992

Sinaguran, Tungawan, Zamboanga del Sur

(all civilians)

About 20 armed men, suspected Muslim renegades led by a former officer of the Moro National Liberation Front, entered Christian settlements in three villages, herded and attacked Subanon residents. As high as a dozen others were seriously injured. Suspects were reportedly angered by the refusal of some villagers to pay protection money.[119]

Antipolo massacre

(Rampage killing)

3 December 1993

Sitio Kulasisi, San Luis, Antipolo, Rizal

(perpetrator's neighbors)

Winefredo Masagca, believed to be "possessed by evil spirits," killed his neighbors in their house.[120]

Maguindanao incident

(Rebel attack)

13 December 1993

Maguindanao

8–9

(all civilians)

A group of about 20 armed men stopped a bus; Christian passengers were separated from Muslims, robbed and shot. Fifteen others were wounded, while a Christian minister was left unhurt.[121]

Lipa Arandia massacre

(Family murders)

10 April 1994

Sabang, Lipa, Batangas

Angelina Arandia, along with her daughters Chelsea Liz and Anne Geleen died from multiple stab wounds[122]

Ipil massacre

(Terror attack)

4 April 1995

Ipil, Zamboanga del Sur

(all civilians)

About 200 heavily armed Abu Sayyaf rebels, who had arrived the day before disguised as soldiers, launched a 2½-hour surprise attack in a commercial district in the predominantly Christian town, shot civilians, burned hundreds of buildings after plundering some, took many hostages as they withdrew, and clashed with government reinforcements. At least 44 were wounded; arrests were made. The raid was said the worst since the 1970s.[123][124]

Kuratong Baleleng Rubout

18 May 1995

Quezon City

Suspected members of an organized crime syndicate were killed under suspicious circumstances by the police.[125]

Payumo massacre

(Family murders)

99 September 1995

Santa Rosa, Laguna

(family members: mother, 3 children)

Victims were believed to be killed by drug addicts; a daughter of the family survived.[126][127]

Four suspects were convicted by the Biñan RTC on 1997.[128] However, on 2002, the Supreme Court lowered the death penalty sentence of three of them to four life terms each, while the fourth suspect, then sentenced to life imprisonment, was acquitted.[129]

Olongapo incident

(Rampage killing)

21 October 1995

Olongapo

Edgar Fernandez staged a shooting spree in a private hospital for its management's poor treatment; 3 were wounded.[130][131][132]

Buhi massacre

(Family murders)

28 December 1995

Sitio Bogtong, Gabas, Buhi, Camarines Sur

(family members: from the Cascante–Gayte clan: mother & 2 children; from the Gayte–Campo clan: couple & 5 children; also 2 another Gayte relatives and an adopted daughter. They including 5 young minors.)

The incident was triggered by a land dispute involving Nieva, Gayte, and Campo families. In retaliation for the killing of landlord Cristito Nieva, Jr. on 28 October 1995, a number of armed men attacked the compound in a remote village and later shot and hacked the victims in their houses, with three of them beheaded, and the rest sustaining gunshots.[133][134] One of them was the wife of one of the suspects implicated to the landlord's murder. Two of nine survivors, one from each clan, stood as star witness. Some of the involved and implicated were a police chief, with five others including Ramon Madrideo, once turned as state witness, who were arrested in January 1996[135]) and four from the Nieva clan, including the alleged mastermind Ester Nieva, the landlord's wife, who were arrested on 1999.[136]).[137] A case was considered solved upon the surrender of the remaining three of 13 suspects in the landlord's murder in August 1996.[138]

North Cotabato incident

(Mass murder)

11 May 1997

Pigcawayan, North Cotabato

(minor brothers)

A case of alleged cannibalism.[139]

Sara massacre

(Rampage killing)

12 August 1998

Bacabac, Sara, Iloilo

(travelers, including a United States Peace Corps volunteer)

Five men attacked four vehicles and shot the victims in a robbery incident. On 14 August, Ernesto (Edgardo) Brito surrendered; he admitted, but later denied, his involvement while pointing at Ricky Braga as the alleged mastermind, and his second cousin; the two were later captured. On 19 May 2000, a court sentenced Brito to death and convicted two confessed killers, the Braga cousins, as well as a couple for obstruction of justice.[140]

Nueva Ecija incident

(Summary killing)

March 1999

Jaen, Nueva EcijaTarlac City

(including a lone survivor in Jaen)

Victims were shot in Jaen, allegedly by the men of local police chief Supt. Alfredo Siwa. Their companion, a survivor and lone witness, was later killed by a group of eight armed men reportedly led by Siwa, at the Tarlac Provincial Hospital on 26 March. Siwa was later arrested and the entire Baliwag police force was relieved.[141]

2000s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Mindoro Oriental murders

(Rampage killing)

3 April 2000

Victoria, Oriental Mindoro

(all civilians)

Victims were fatally shot by two drunk soldiers in a videoke bar; two others were seriously wounded.[142]

Lantawan ambush

7 May 2000

Lantawan, Basilan

Attack by the Abu Sayyaf on Army Special Forces[143]

Jones ambush

(Rebel attack)

28 June 2000

Jones, Isabela

NPA attack on a government convoy[144]

Armed attack (Lanao del Sur)

(Rebel attack)

16 July 2000

Somogot, Bumbaran, Lanao del Sur

(all Christian residents)

Victims were shot dead inside a mosque by about a hundred armed men, suspected to be Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) rebels, who had attacked the village; ensued shooting rampage injured 11 people.[145]

Armed attack (Cotabato)

(Rebel attack)

4 August 2000

North Cotabato

(all civilians)

Heavily armed men, suspected from the MILF, stopped the vehicles on a road; victims inside were robbed and shot; 10 were injured.[146]

Himamaylan ambush

(Rebel attack)

21 August 2000

Carabalan, Himamaylan, Negros Occidental

(all soldiers)

Attack by the NPA on a military transport[147]

Dinagat massacre

(Mass murder)

13 December 2000

San Jose, Surigao del Norte

(members of a faction of Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association)

Members of the PBMA's White Guerreros were killed by the elite force, White Eagles, upon orders of the cult's leader Ruben Ecleo Jr., in his residence. Local police reported that the victims were hacked; but National Bureau of Investigation autopsies later found out that they were shot.[148]

Bacolod murders

(Family murders)

17 December 2000

Bacolod

(family members: father, 3 sons, his parents; also 2 family housemaids)

The Rivilla family's houseboy Bernon Gallo, later confessed and was convicted for the killings in the residence of a haciendero family wherein their driver had survived.[149]

Afalla Massacre

(Family murders)

18 April 2001

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

Patriarch suspected in the murders of his wife and three children, who were found in a shallow grave along the Magat River[150]

Novaliches Massacre

12 June 2001

Santa Lucia, Novaliches, Quezon City

Stabbings during a birthday party[151]

Cateel ambush

17 November 2001

Cateel, Davao Oriental

Attack by the NPA on a military transport[152]

Calonge Massacre

(Family murders)

1 December 2001

Cabuluan, Villaverde, Nueva Vizcaya

Patriarch killed his wife and two daughters. A third daughter was wounded[153]

Mandaue murders

(Family murders)

18 June 2002

Mandaue, Cebu

(family members: 2 siblings and their parents, all in-laws of Ruben Ecleo Jr.; a neighbor)

Victims were shot dead in the Bacolod residence by Rico Gumonong, a PBMA member, who was later killed in an encounter with the responding policemen.Among the victims was Ben Bacolod, brother-in-law of Ruben Ecleo Jr. and believed to be the sole witness in the murder of his sister and Ecleo's wife, Alona Bacolod. He also testified on the 2000 Dinagat massacre.Ecleo surrendered to the police on 19 June. He had faced charges for two separate massacres and for the death of his wife.[148]

Zamboanga City murders

(Family murders)

19 December 2002

San Roque, Zamboanga City

(family members: mother, 3 children; also 3 family helpers)

Victims were murdered at the Tan family's house.[154]

Kalawit Massacre

19 February 2003

Kalawit, Zamboanga del Norte

Villagers killed in an attack by Muslim rebels[155]

Maigo Massacre

24 April 2003

Maigo, Lanao del Norte

Passengers aboard a jeepney killed in an attack by the MILF[156][157]

Siocon Massacre

4 May 2003

Siocon, Zamboanga del Norte

Civilians killed in an attack by the MILF on the town[158]

Balios Massacre

13 November 2003

Kalawit, Zamboanga del Norte

Members of the Balios family killed by bolo-wielding bandits[159]

Hacienda Luisita massacre

16 November 2004

Hacienda Luisita, Tarlac

A clash between government troops and more than 6,000 protesting farm workers during an attempted dispersal resulted also in injuries of at least 120. Charges against the suspects were dismissed in 2010.[160]

San Rafael ambush

16 November 2004

Pasong Callos, San Rafael, Bulacan

Attack by the NPA on soldiers conducting a post-typhoon rescue mission[161]

Palo massacre

21 November 2005

San Agustin, Palo, Leyte

Claimed to be a legitimate operation by the military, the "gunfight" between the soldiers and alleged armed groups lasted for about 45 minutes at dawn. Resulted in the death of 7 peasants, including a pregnant woman, 11 were wounded, 8 were arrested but only 6 were detained, and 2 were still missing.[162][163]

Calbayog massacre

2 June 2007

Gadgaran, Calbayog, Samar

Danilo "Danny" Guades hacked to death 10 people with a bolo and injured 17 more on a drunk rampage through his neighborhood at early morning.

Basilan beheading incident

10 July 2007

Al-Barka, Basilan

Soldiers ambushed by the MILF during rescue operations for a kidnapped Italian priest. 11 of the victims were beheaded

Mangalino Massacre

25 November 2007

Tanza, Cavite

Cecilio Mangalino fatally stabbed his pregnant wife, mother-in-law and daughter inside their home and injured two other daughters while drunk following an argument with his wife.[164]

Olongapo massacre

13 March 2008

Gordon Heights, Olongapo

(including model Scarlet Garcia and her cousin)

Victims were killed in a condominium unit.[165][166][167]

Olongapo murders

(Family murders)

27 July 2008

Sitio Kakilingan, Iram Resettlement, Brgy. Cabalan, Olongapo

(Korean family members: mother, daughter, grandchild)

Victims were stabbed by unidentified men in their house.[168][169]

RCBC robbery-massacre

16 May 2008

Cabuyao, Laguna

All bank employees were shot dead.

Calamba massacre

18 May 2008

Hornalan, Calamba, Laguna

[170][171][172]

Lanao del Norte offensive

18 August 2008

Kauswagan, Lanao del NorteKolambugan, Lanao del NorteMaasim, SaranganiKalamansig, Sultan Kudarat

Simultaneous attacks by MILF rebels on civilian and military targets across Mindanao[173]

Shariff Aguak murders

(Family murders)

28 August 2008

Tapikan, Shariff Aguak, Maguindanao

(members of the Lumenda and Aleb families)

Ampatuan militiamen shot and killed them as they were harvesting in their rice field.[174]

Cervantes ambush

25 October 2009

Cervantes, Ilocos Sur

NPA attack on government soldiers[175]

Maguindanao massacre

(Mass murder)

23 November 2009

Sitio Masalay, Brgy. Salman, Ampatuan, Maguindanao

(most of them were part of a convoy: family members, including E. Mangudadatu's wife and his two sisters, and supporters of a perpetrator's political rival, 32 journalists; lawyers; aides; 6 passersby that mistakenly identified as part of the convoy. The body of one victim, journalist Reynaldo Momay, was never found, which led to only 57 counts of murder being filed against the perpetrators)

A convoy carrying relatives and supporters of Buluan vice mayor Esmael Mangudadatu was stopped by around 200 armed men while on their way to the provincial capitol to file his candidacy, challenging Datu Unsay mayor Andal Ampatuan Jr., son of the incumbent Maguindanao governor Andal Ampatuan Sr. and member of one of Mindanao's leading Muslim political clans for upcoming elections. The victims were later abducted and killed and their bodies were buried in shallow graves on a hilltop. On December 19, 2019, a court convicted 28 people, including Andal Jr. and Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Governor Zaldy Ampatuan, and sentenced them to life imprisonment; 56 others were acquitted. Andal Sr. died in custody before the conclusion of the trial.[176][177]

2010s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Manila hostage crisis

23 August 2010

Quirino Grandstand, Manila

(tourists)

Hong Kong tourists killed by Rolando Mendoza, a disgruntled policeman, after a 9-hour standoff on a tour bus. Mendoza was killed by a police sniper during a rescue mission.

Rendon massacre

(Family murders)

12 October 2011

Santa Felomina, San Pablo, Laguna

(family members: couple, 2 children)

Ernie Tambuong, victims' neighbor, killed them because of a suspicion; only a daughter of the family survived.[178][179][180][181]

Sibago Island massacre

(Terror attack)

24 January 2012

Sibago Island, Hadji Mohammad Ajul, Basilan

(all civilians: Pagadian City residents)

Gunmen who were the victim's rivals, aboard three pump boats fired at them while fishing; three wounded.[124][182][183][184]

Tinoc ambush

25 April 2012

Gumhang, Tinoc, Ifugao

(11 soldiers, 1 civilian)

NPA ambush[124][185]

Roque-Sta. Ana. massacre

(Family murders)

16 August 2012

Saint Francis Village, Balagtas, Bulacan

(family members: grandfather, mother, 2 children)

Victims were killed in a robbery.[186][187]

Kawit massacre

4 January 2013

Tabon 1, Kawit, Cavite

8 (including the perpetrator)

30-minute shooting rampage that saw a drunk man named Ronald Baquiran Bae kill at least 7 people and a dog and wounded 12 others with a semiautomatic pistol before he was shot and killed by police. Another man, John Paul Lopez, was later arrested for assisting the gunman during the shooting by reloading his pistol magazine. The motive of the suspect is still unclear. A subsequent search of Bae's house led to the discovery of human remains.

Atimonan massacre

6 January 2013

Atimonan, Quezon

Initially claimed to be a roadside shootout conducted by Philippine National Police against a gambling syndicate leader but was found by the National Bureau of Investigation to have been a rubout.[188]

Nunungan massacre

(Terror attack)

22 April 2013

Nunungan, Lanao del Norte

(all civilians: including relatives of the town mayor, supporters)

Convoy of Mayor Abdulmalik Manamparan was ambushed; 10 wounded.[124][189][190]

Pampanga massacre

21 September 2013

Angeles, Pampanga

Nicolas Edejer, a fish trader, sustained a gunshot wound in the head during the killings that claimed the life of his wife Corazon, son Kenneth, nephew Nelson Dominico, housemaids Teresita Lansangan and alias Kaykay, and Benigno Villanueva.[191]

Baguio massacre

6 April 2014

Kayang Hilltop, Baguio

Victims (including 3 minors and a maid) were stabbed inside a rented apartment on the fourth floor of a building. On 28 January 2016, a court convicted Phillip Tolentino Avino for the killings and sentenced him to life imprisonment.[192]

Talipao massacre

28 July 2014

Talipao, Sulu

Armed men opened fire at a convoy of civilians who were travelling to a feast to mark the end of Ramadan.[193]

Mamasapano clash (Also known as the Mamasapano massacre)

25 January 2015

Tukanalipao, Mamasapano, Maguindanao

44 SAF personnel

A police operation, codenamed Oplan Exodus, by Philippine National Police-Special Action Force (allegedly joined by US Army Special Forces) against the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front; SAF members were fired upon by members of the MILF.[194]

Negros Oriental massacre

5 February 2016

Sitio Alibabay, Barangay Mabigo, Canlaon, Negros Oriental

3 (including a 15-year-old girl)

Roberto Montano Jr. killed Virgilio Tabanao, 61, his wife Erlinda, 69, and granddaughter, Kia, 15, at their home.[195]

SJDM massacre

(Family murders)

27 June 2017

San Jose del Monte, Bulacan

(family members: grandmother, mother, 3 children)

[196][197]

Hacienda Nene massacre

20 October 2018

Hacienda Nene, Sagay, Negros Occidental

(all farmers)

At least 40 men reportedly fired at sugarcane farmers and members of the National Federation of Sugar Workers (NFSW) and burned three of the bodies. Four farmers, two of which were minors managed to escape.[198][199]

2020s[edit]

Name

Date

Location

Deaths

Notes

Lantapan Massacre

26 November 2022

Sitio Kiabacat, Barangay Songco, Lantapan, Bukidnon

6 persons shot and hacked the victims, which included children. Believed to have been caused by a land dispute[200][201]

Pamplona Massacre

4 March 2023

San Isidro, Pamplona, Negros Oriental

Assassination of the governor of Negros Oriental, Roel Degamo and nine visitors after at least six gunmen armed with rifles and wearing military-style uniforms opened fire in his home.[202][203][204]

Trece Martires Massacre

(Mass killing)

9 March 2023

Cabuco, Trece Martires,Cavite

4 children were stabbed to death by their stepfather Felimon Escalona, who then committed suicide.[205][206][207]

Sapad Massacre

7 January 2024

Sitio Lapao, Barangay Karkum, Sapad, Lanao del Norte

The bodies of seven members of the Gaviola and Legara families from Margosatubig, Zamboanga del Sur, including three minors, were found buried with bullet wounds to the head in a freshly-dug grave on this date.[208][209]

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^ Alexander Luistro, Marlon (10 March 2023). "Live-in partner of OFW massacres 4 kids to death in Trece Martires before committing suicide". Hong Kong News. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

^ Dela Peña, Kurt (14 March 2023). "Cavite massacre of 4 OFW kids mirrors fears for those left behind, search for solutions". newsinfo.inquirer.net. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

^ Alipala, Julie (9 January 2024). "Slaying of 7 relatives jolts Lanao del Norte village". Inquirer.net. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

^ Unson, John (9 January 2024). "Illegal recruiters tagged in killing of 7 victims buried together". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 18 February 2024.

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Meaning of massacre in English

massacrenoun [ C ] uk

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/ˈmæs.ə.kər/ us

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/ˈmæs.ə.kɚ/

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C2 an act of killing a lot of people: He ordered the massacre of 2,000 women and children.

informal a bad defeat, especially in sport: The manager resigned after the team's 7–2 massacre in the final.

More examplesFewer examplesOf course, she was using the term 'massacre' in the figurative sense.The massacre was a crime against humanity.The perpetrators of the massacre must be brought to justice as war criminals.

SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Murder & attempted murder

asphyxiation

assassinate

assassination

assassination attempt

attempt

butcher

dispatch

drive-by

genocidal

genocide

gun someone down

homicide

infanticide

pop off

put someone to the sword idiom

regicide

rub

rub something out

slaughter

throttle

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Winning and defeating

massacreverb [ T ] uk

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/ˈmæs.ə.kər/ us

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/ˈmæs.ə.kɚ/

to kill many people in a short period of time: Hundreds of civilians were massacred in the raid.

informal to defeat an opponent very badly in a competition or election: England was massacred 5–0 by France in the semifinal.

SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Murder & attempted murder

asphyxiation

assassinate

assassination

assassination attempt

attempt

butcher

dispatch

drive-by

genocidal

genocide

gun someone down

homicide

infanticide

pop off

put someone to the sword idiom

regicide

rub

rub something out

slaughter

throttle

See more results »

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

Winning and defeating

(Definition of massacre from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)

massacre | American Dictionary

massacrenoun [ C ] us

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/ˈmæs·ə·kər/

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the killing of a large number of people, esp. people who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves

massacre verb [ T ] us

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/ˈmæs·ə·kər/

Guerrilla troops are thought to have massacred the entire village.

(Definition of massacre from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)

What is the pronunciation of massacre?

Translations of massacre

in Chinese (Traditional)

大屠殺, 殘殺, （尤指體育比賽中的）慘敗…

in Chinese (Simplified)

大屠杀, 残杀, （尤指体育比赛中的）惨败…

in Spanish

masacre, masacrar, masacre [feminine…

in Portuguese

massacre, massacrar, massacre [masculine]…

in more languages

in Marathi

in Japanese

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अनेक लोकांची कत्तल, अनेक लोकांना मारून टाकणे या अर्थी, विशेषतः खेळात दणदणीत पराभव या अर्थी…

～を大虐殺する, 大虐殺, 大虐殺（だいぎゃくさつ）…

katliam, toplu yok etme, ezici yenilgi…

massacre [masculine], massacrer, massacre…

massacrar, massacre…

moordpartij, afslachting, afslachten…

நிறைய பேரைக் கொல்லும் செயல், குறிப்பாக விளையாட்டில் ஒரு மோசமான தோல்வி…

नरसंहार, खेल में एक बुरी हार…

સામૂહિક હત્યા, કારમી હાર…

massakre, nedslagtning, massakrere…

massaker, massmord, slakt…

pembunuhan beramai-ramai, kalah teruk, membunuh ramai-ramai dengan kejam…

das Gemetzel, völlige Niederlage, niedermetzeln…

massakre [masculine], massakrere, blodbad…

قتل عام, کھیل میں بدترین شکست…

різня, різанина, знищення…

резня, бойня…

ఊచకోత / చాలా మందిని చంపే చర్య, చెడ్డ ఓటమి, ముఖ్యంగా క్రీడలో…

مَذْبَحة…

গণহত্যা, ভরাডুবি, বিশেষত খেলায়…

masakr, masakrovat…

pembantaian, membantai…

การฆาตกรรมหมู่, การพ่ายแพ้ครั้งใหญ่, ฆาตกรรมหมู่…

cuộc tàn sát, sự thảm bại, tàn sát…

masakra, rzeź, urządzić rzeź…

학살하다, 학살…

massacrare, massacro…

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The Buffalo supermarket massacre is the latest mass shooting authorities say was motivated by hate. Here are others | CNN

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The Buffalo supermarket massacre is the latest mass shooting authorities say was motivated by hate. Here are others

By Christina Maxouris and Phil Gast, CNN

5 minute read

Updated

12:41 AM EDT, Mon May 16, 2022

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Sheriff: Buffalo supermarket shooting racially-motivated hate crime

03:59

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—

Saturday’s massacre in Buffalo, New York, is the latest mass shooting in which authorities say the suspect was motivated by hate.

The suspected shooter, an 18-year-old White man, shot and killed 10 people and injured three others at a supermarket in a predominantly Black area, authorities said. Eleven of the victims are Black.

A crowd gathers as police investigate after a shooting at a supermarket on Saturday, May 14, 2022, in Buffalo, N.Y. Multiple people were shot at the Tops Friendly Market. Police have notified the public that the alleged shooter was in custody. (AP Photo/Joshua Bessex)

Joshua Bessex/AP

10 people killed in a racially motivated mass shooting at a Buffalo supermarket, police say. The 18-year-old suspect is in custody

“We’ll be aggressive in our pursuit of anyone who subscribes to the ideals professed by other White supremacists and how there’s a feeding frenzy on social media platforms where hate festers more hate,” New York Gov. Kathy Hochul said Saturday.

Investigators in the case have found evidence indicating “racial animosity,” Erie County District Attorney John J. Flynn said during a Saturday news conference. The FBI says it is investigating the incident as a hate crime and a case of racially motivated violent extremism.

The attack comes amid surging levels of hate crimes across the country. An FBI report published last year found US hate crime reports in 2020 rose to the highest level in 12 years. Also in 2020, the Department of Homeland Security warned White supremacists were likely to remain the most “persistent and lethal threat” in the country.

Here are other high-profile massacres in recent years that authorities have said were fueled by hate.

A shooter ‘hated the Jewish community and Muslim community’

John T. Earnest admitted to a shooting at a San Diego area synagogue that left one person dead and three others injured in 2019. In December, Earnest was sentenced to a second life sentence after pleading guilty to a 113-count indictment that included hate crime and weapons violations.

FILE - In this April 30, 2019, file photo, John T. Earnest appears for his arraignment hearing in San Diego. Earnest has been sentenced on Tuesday, Dec. 28, 2021, to life in federal prison for killing a woman and injuring three others when he burst into a Southern California synagogue in 2019, adding to a life sentence he received three months earlier in state court. (Nelvin C. Cepeda/The San Diego Union-Tribune via AP, Pool, File)

Nelvin C. Cepeda/AP

Poway synagogue shooter sentenced to second life sentence

He was armed with an AR-15 style rifle when he entered the crowded Chabad of Poway synagogue and began shooting. He also admitted to setting fire to a mosque in nearby Escondido several weeks before the shooting.

“The defendant targeted his victims because he hated the Jewish community and Muslim community,” Randy Grossman, US attorney for the Southern District of California, previously said.

“The defendant and his hatred have been silenced. He will spend the rest of his days and die in prison, while he languishes behind bars,” Grossman said.

The deadliest attack on Latinos in modern US history

Patrick Crusius, the man accused of killing 23 people and injuring nearly two dozen others in a 2019 mass shooting at an El Paso, Texas, Walmart store, was indicted on dozens of federal charges, including hate crimes resulting in death and hate crimes involving an attempt to kill.

August 1, 2020, El Paso, Texas, United States: ANNA PEREZ, 53, of El Paso, holds a sign as she attends a drive-thru vigil, honoring the 23 victims of the August 3 shooting, at St. Mark‚Äôs Catholic Church in El Paso, Texas. (Credit Image: © Joel Angel Juarez/ZUMA Wire)

Joel Angel Juarez/ZUMA Wire

Hugs helped El Paso victims cope after the shooting. A sign of affection now could put their lives at risk

The rampage was the deadliest attack on Latinos in modern US history.

Crusius was accused of killing and harming the victims “because of the actual and perceived national origin of any person,” the indictment said. An earlier arrest affidavit said he told police his targets were Mexicans.

He has pleaded not guilty and is yet to stand trial. Lawyers for Crusius have said he was in a psychotic state after the shooting and suffers from mental disabilities.

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El Paso community reflects on horrors of mass shooting

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11 worshippers killed in a Pittsburgh synagogue

In October 2018, a gunman killed 11 worshippers in Pittsburgh’s Tree of Life synagogue, in what is believed to be the deadliest attack on the Jewish community in the history of the US, according to the Anti-Defamation League.

People protest the arrival of US President Donald Trump as he visits the Tree of Life Congregation on October 30, 2018 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. - Scores of protesters took to the streets of Pittsburgh to denounce a visit by US President Donald Trump in the wake of a mass shooting at a synagogue that left 11 people dead.

BRENDAN SMIALOWSKI/AFP/Getty Images

Pittsburgh city council votes to restrict assault weapons months after Tree of Life synagogue massacre

Authorities said Robert Bowers targeted Jews online and made anti-Semitic comments during the shooting. Later, while receiving medical care, he told a SWAT officer that he wanted all Jews to die, according to a criminal complaint.

Federal prosecutors filed hate crime charges against Bowers, claiming he used anti-Semitic slurs and criticized a Jewish group on a social media site in the days leading up to the shooting.

Federal prosecutors said in 2019 they would seek the death penalty on charges that include obstruction of free exercise on religious beliefs resulting in death, use and discharge of a firearm to commit murder and possession of a firearm during a violent crime.

They said they are justified to seek the death penalty because of the role that Bowers’ anti-Semitic views played in the shooting.

He has pleaded not guilty and is yet to be tried.

A Charleston church becomes a target

In June 2015, avowed White supremacist Dylann Roof gunned down nine African American worshippers at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal church – a historic Black church – in Charleston, South Carolina.

Scott Olson/Getty Images North America/Getty Images

How they moved on after their houses of worship were attacked

Roof was convicted of federal charges and sentenced to death in January 2017. He was the first federal hate-crime defendant to be sentenced to death, a Justice Department spokesman said.

“Mother Emanuel was his destination specifically because it was an historically African American church of significance to the people of Charleston, of South Carolina and to the nation,” then-US Attorney General Loretta Lynch said in 2015. “On that summer evening, Dylann Roof found his targets, African-Americans engaged in worship.”

Roof spent months plotting the attack, Lynch said.

“He was looking for the type of church and the type of parishioners whose death would, in fact, draw great notoriety for…his racist views,” she said.

Attacker who had talked about a ‘racial holy war’

Another place of worship – meant to be a refuge – was the scene of mass shooting in August 2012.

An Army veteran opened fire in a gurdwara – or Sikh house of worship – in the Milwaukee suburb of Oak Creek, Wisconsin, killing six people and wounding four others.

Wade Michael Page died of a self-inflicted wound after being shot by a police officer, the FBI said. The shooting came as violent attacks on Sikhs were spiking following September 11, 2001.

Then-Attorney General Eric Holder called the attack “an act of terrorism, an act of hatred, a hate crime.”

According to a man who described himself as an old Army buddy of Page’s, the attacker talked about “racial holy war” when they served together in the 1990s.

Christopher Robillard, of Oregon, who said he had lost contact with Page, added in 2012 that when Page would rant, “it would be about mostly any non-White person.”

Correction: An earlier version of this story misstated the final death toll of a 2019 mass shooting at a Walmart store in El Paso, Texas. It was 23.

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Maguindanao massacre - Wikipedia

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1Background

2Attack

3Aftermath

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3.1Declaration of martial law

3.2Media fundraising

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4Legal proceedings

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4.1Verdict

5Victims

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5.1Mangudadatu family and associates

5.2Journalists

5.3Other civilian casualties

6Human Rights Watch report

7In popular culture

8Sexual assaults

9See also

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Maguindanao massacre

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2009 politically motivated mass murder in Maguindanao, Philippines

This article is about the 2009 Maguindanao massacre. For the 2015 Mamasapano clash which also took place in Maguindanao, see Mamasapano clash.

Maguindanao massacreMap of the Philippines with Maguindanao highlightedLocationSitio Masalay, Barangay Salman, Ampatuan, Maguindanao (now Maguindanao del Sur), Mindanao, PhilippinesDateNovember 23, 2009; 14 years ago (2009-11-23) approx. 10:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m. (UTC +8)TargetEsmael Mangudadatu's family members, supporters, journalistsAttack typeShootingWeaponsSmall armsDeaths58[a] (Esmael Mangudadatu's family members and supporters, and 32 accompanying journalists)[2]PerpetratorsZaldy Ampatuan[3]Andal "Unsay" Ampatuan Jr.[3]No. of participants197VerdictSee Verdict section below

The Maguindanao massacre, also known as the Ampatuan massacre, named after the town where mass graves of victims were found,[5] occurred on the morning of November 23, 2009, in the town of Ampatuan in then-undivided Maguindanao (which is now Maguindanao del Sur) province, on the island of Mindanao. The 58 victims were on their way to file a certificate of candidacy for Esmael Mangudadatu, vice mayor of Buluan, when they were kidnapped and later killed. Mangudadatu was challenging Datu Unsay mayor Andal Ampatuan Jr., son of the incumbent Maguindanao governor Andal Ampatuan Sr. and member of one of Mindanao's leading Muslim political clans,[6] in the forthcoming Maguindanao gubernatorial election,[7] part of the national elections in 2010. The people killed included Mangudadatu's wife, his two sisters, journalists, lawyers, aides, and motorists who were witnesses or were mistakenly identified as part of the convoy.

The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) has called the Maguindanao massacre the single deadliest event for journalists in history.[8] At least 34 journalists are known to have died in the massacre.[9] Even before the Maguindanao massacre, the Committee to Protect Journalists had labeled the Philippines the second most dangerous country for journalists, second only to Iraq.[10]

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The Ampatuans had been in control of Maguindanao since 2001. Andal Ampatuan Sr. first came into prominence when President Corazon Aquino appointed him as Chief-of-Offices of Maganoy (now Shariff Aguak) in 1986 immediately after the People Power Revolution. Aquino, after coming into power in 1986 through a revolution, replaced every locally elected official with officers-in-charge, although the town of Maganoy was approached differently; the aging mayor, Pinagayaw Ampatuan, was replaced by his vice mayor, Andal Ampatuan Sr. He won the 1988 local elections and served for ten years. Andal Sr. was elected governor 1998.[11]

Members of Lakas-Kampi-CMD, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo listed Andal Sr. as a major ally in Mindanao. Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) regional governor Zaldy Ampatuan was the party's regional chairman. Andal Sr., the family patriarch, had been provincial governor since 1998; he had been elected three times, unopposed. Eighteen of the mayors in Maguindanao belong to the clan. The elder Ampatuan attributed his popularity to "popular support", adding that "Because I am so loved by the constituencies of the municipalities, they ask me to have my sons as representatives." In the 2004 presidential election, Arroyo won 69% of Maguindanao's vote; three years later, the party-backed coalition scored a 12–0 sweep of the senatorial elections in the province. Unable to run for a third term, he groomed his son, Andal Jr., to succeed him as governor.[12][13]

With escalating tensions in the province, Arroyo, as head of Lakas-Kampi-CMD, mediated between the Ampatuans and the Mangudadatus (both are from the same party) to prevent election-related violence. Three meetings were held in mid-2009, with one meeting hosted by then-Secretary of National Defense and 2009–2010 party chairman Gilberto Teodoro, who ran to succeed Arroyo as president but was defeated by Noynoy Aquino. Arroyo's adviser for political affairs, Gabriel Claudio, disclosed that there was an initial agreement "in principle" that no Mangudadatu would contest Ampatuan Sr.'s governorship.[14]

Attack[edit]

Location of Buluan, the origin of the convoy, in Maguindanao.

Location of Shariff Aguak, the destination of the convoy, in Maguindanao.

Location of Ampatuan, the location where the massacre took place, in Maguindanao.Buluan Vice Mayor Esmael "Toto" Mangudadatu invited 37 journalists to cover the scheduled filing of his certificate of candidacy (COC) at the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) provincial office in Shariff Aguak. He said reports had reached him that his rivals had threatened to chop him into pieces once he filed his COC, and felt the presence of journalists would deter such an attack. On the week he was to file his certificate of candidacy (COC), he requested for security which the PNP Regional Command in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao rejected.

Mangudadatu changed plans. He would not go to Shariff Aguak personally. He would send an all-women party led by his wife, two sisters and an aunt with female lawyers. He was relying on an Islamic tradition that women are not to be harmed. For security, he would have media persons from South Cotabato and General Santos join the women convoy and cover the filing of his COC – believing the women were doubly safe under the eyes of media. Hours before the convoy departed, the media people must have been apprehensive. Zonio texted the 6th Infantry Division and was assured the road was safe.[15]

A local report stated that at about 5:00 PM, a convoy of six vehicles carrying journalists, lawyers, and relatives of Vice Mayor Mangudadatu left Buluan to file his COC at the COMELEC office in Shariff Aguak. The convoy was composed of six vehicles: four Toyota Grandia vans (one grey, one green, and two white) owned by the Mangudadatu family; and two media vehicles – a Mitsubishi Pajero owned by DZRH broadcast journalist Henry Araneta, and a Mitsubishi L-300 van owned by UNTV. There was a seventh vehicle, a Grandia boarded by mediamen, but it lagged behind and decided to turn around once the passengers sensed what was happening. There were two other vehicles that were not part of the convoy but happened to be traveling on the same highway: a red Toyota Vios and a light blue Toyota Tamaraw FX. The Vios had five passengers: Eduardo Lechonsito, a government employee who was bound for a hospital in Cotabato City after suffering a mild stroke Monday morning; Lechonsito's wife Cecille; co-workers Mercy Palabrica and Daryll delos Reyes; and the driver Wilhelm Palabrica. The FX was driven by Anthony Ridao, employee of the National Statistics Coordination Board, and son of Cotabato City councilor Marino Ridao.[16]

Before reaching its destination (about 10 km from Shariff Aguak, four on other versions), the convoy was stopped by 100 armed men, who abducted and later killed most or all of its members.[9] There is evidence that at least five of the female victims, four of them journalists, were raped before being killed,[17] while "practically all" of the women had been shot in their genitals.[18][19] Mangudadatu's youngest sister and aunt were both pregnant at the time of their murders.[20]

In a text message sent by Mangudadatu's wife to him, she identified the people that blocked their way as the men of Ampatuan Jr., and that he himself slapped her.[21]

A backhoe located in the immediate vicinity of the carnage at Ampatuan town was identified as the instrument that was used to dig the graves of the victims two days beforehand, and then to bury them, including the vehicles.[22] The perpetrators were not able to complete the job when a helicopter was spotted in the area. The backhoe, emblazoned with the name of Maguindanao Gov. Andal Ampatuan Sr., was later identified to belong to the Maguindanao provincial government.[23]

According to the authorities, the attack killed 58 people, including 32 journalists.[24][25][26][27] However, the body of 58th victim was never found.[4] Reporters Without Borders announced that at least 12 of the victims were journalists, making this the deadliest such incident in the history of news media.[28] The National Union of Journalists in the Philippines originally estimated that a total of 20 journalists were killed, including an undisclosed number of NUJP members.[26] The Philippine Daily Inquirer later updated the number of journalists killed to 34.[9]

On November 24, the president of the Philippines Gloria Macapagal Arroyo responded to the news of the massacre by declaring a state of emergency in Maguindanao, Sultan Kudarat and Cotabato City.[27] Speaker of the House Prospero Nograles called on the police to quickly identify the perpetrators of the massacre and disarm private armies.[29] The Philippine Department of Justice created a panel of special prosecutors to handle cases arising from the massacre.[30]

Aftermath[edit]

Nueva Ecija Rep. Eduardo Nonato N. Joson said the massacre might affect, or even lead to the cancellation of, the scheduled 2010 presidential elections.[29] Candidates in the election condemned the massacre.[31]

On Wednesday, November 25, 2009, the executive committee of the Lakas-Kampi-CMD political party unanimously voted to expel three members of the Ampatuan family – Maguindanao Gov. Datu Andal Ampatuan Sr. and his two sons, Gov. Datu Zaldy Ampatuan of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) and Mayor Andal Ampatuan Jr. – from the party for their alleged role in the Maguindanao massacre.[32] An emergency meeting of the Lakas-Kampi-CMD was held in Pasig, during which the Ampatuans were stripped of their membership.[8]

On Thursday, November 26, 2009, Ampatuan Jr. surrendered to his brother Zaldy, was delivered to adviser to the peace process Jesus Dureza, then was flown to General Santos on his way to Manila, where he was taken to the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) headquarters.[33][34] Police in the Philippines charged Andal Ampatuan Jr. with murder.[35] Ampatuan denied the charges, claiming that he was at the provincial capitol in Shariff Aguak when the massacre took place. He instead blamed the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), specifically Ombra Kato, as the mastermind, a charge the MILF dismissed as "absurd."[36][37]

Declaration of martial law[edit]

On December 4, 2009, through Proclamation No. 1959, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo officially placed Maguindanao province under a state of martial law, thereby suspending the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus.[38] Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita said the step was taken in order to avert the escalation of "lawless" violence in the province and pave the way for the swift arrest of the suspects in the massacre.[39][40] Following the declaration, authorities carried out a raid on a warehouse owned by Andal Ampatuan Jr.[41] The raid resulted in the confiscation of more than 330,000 rounds of 5.56×45mm NATO ammunition, a Humvee, and an improvised armored vehicle. Twenty militiamen were arrested on the premises. Captain James Nicolas of Special Forces was able to retrieve more high powered firearms and ammo after the incident. In the same raid, the law enforcers also uncovered thousands of Voter's ID buried on the ground.[42] The state of martial law in Maguindanao was lifted on December 13, 2009.

Media fundraising[edit]

UNTV-37 arranged a fund-raising concert at the Araneta Coliseum for the families of 32 members of the media who perished in the attack.[43]

Police operations[edit]

Philippines Police and soldiers raided several of the Ampatuan family's houses and homes, in Maguindanao's capital, Shariff Aguak, and next to the provincial headquarters, a compound surrounded by concrete walls about two metres (six feet) high and contains the homes of a number of Ampatuan clan members. Two of the other homes targeted in the raids belonged to Akmad Ampatuan, Ampatuan Snr's brother who is the vice governor of Maguindanao, according to national police chief Jesus Verzosa. Philippines National Police seized several armored personnel carriers, over a thousand military weapons including machine guns, assault and sniper rifles, sub-machine guns, shotguns, pistols, mortar launchers and rounds, grenades, rocket launchers, and caches of ammo and several military uniforms in one house, several buried weapons, ammo and COMELEC IDs in a vacant lot, rifles, shotguns, pistols, machine guns, SMGs and ammo, explosives and military uniforms in Zaldy's house. Andal's house had more weapons and ammo with military uniforms inside. The raids yielded weapons powerful enough to arm a battalion of soldiers, and ammo crates bears the name of DND in the side, criticism further inflamed the discovery. These situations were facilitated by Philippine law, which permits local government officials to legally buy an unlimited number of weapons without any obligation to report the type or number purchased, in effect allowing these 'warlords' to literally 'own the people' of the area, and these situations facilitate the clandestine arming of militant groups with machines of war and military-grade weaponry from anonymous government backing.[44][45][46]

Legal proceedings[edit]

People of the Philippines v. Ampatuan Jr., et al.CourtQuezon City Regional Trial CourtBranch221

Full case name

People of the Philippines v. Datu Andal "Unsay" Ampatuan Jr., Datu Andal Ampatuan Sr., Datu Zaldy "Puti" U. Ampatuan, Datu Akmad "Tato" Ampatuan Sr., Datu Sajid Islam U. Ampatuan, Datu Anwar U. Ampatuan Sr., Takpan Dilon y Manibpol, PCINSP Sukarno A. Dicay, PSINSP Abdulgapor B. Abad, PSUPT Abusama Mundas Maguid al-Haj, PSUPT Bahnarin U. Kamaong, PSUPT Abdulwahid U. Pedtucasan, SPO2 George S. Labayan, SPO2 Badawi P. Bakal, SPO1 Oscar Donato, SPO1 Samad Usman Maguindra, SPO1 Alimola L. Guianaton, SPO1 Ali Mluk Solano, SPO1 Eduardo H. Ong, SPO1 Elizer S. Rendaje, PO3 Gibrael R. Alano, PO3 Felix Ababao Daquilos, PO3 Abibudin S. Abdulgani, PO3 Ricky D. Balanueco, PO3 Rasid T. Anton, PO3 Felix E. Enate Jr., PO2 Hamad Nana, PO2 Kendatu S. Rakim, PO2 Hernanie S. Decipulo Jr., PO2 Saudiar Ulah, PO2 Saudi Pasutan, PO2 Rexson D. Guiama, PO1 Herich Amaba, PO1 Badjun Ibad Panegas, PO1 Bensedick T. Alfonso, PO1 Mohammad K. Balading, PO1 Datu Jerry M. Utto, PO1 Abdula Baguadatu, PO1 Tamano Sahibal Hadi, PO1 Abdulbayan U. Mundas, PO1 Esprielito G. Lejarso, PO1 Esmael Manuel Guidal, PO1 Jimmy M. Kadtong, PO1 Marjul T. Julkadi, PO1 Abdurahman S. Batarasa, PO1 Abdulanan L. Saavedra, PO1 Marsman E. Nilong, PO1 Narkouk D. Mascud, PO1 Arnulfo A. Soriano, PO1 Rainer T. Ebus, PO1 Ebara G. Bebot, PO1 Pendatun A. Dima, PO1 Michael M. Macarongon, Datu Jimmy Ampatuan y Masukat, Datu Kanor Ampatuan, Datu Bahnarin A. Ampatuan, Datu Mama Ampatuan, Datu Saudi Ampatuan Jr., Datu Anwar Sajid "Ulo" U. Ampatuan, Datu Anwar "Ipi" U. Ampatuan Jr., Datu Harris Ampatuan, Datu Moning Ampatuan, Mogira Hadji Anggulat, Parido Zangkala Gogo, Jun Pendatun, Kagi Faizal, PINSP Rex Ariel T. Diongon, PINSP Michael Joy Macaraeg, PINSP Saudi M. Mokamad, PO2 Tany Dalgan, PO1 Amir Solaiman, PO1 Michael Madsig y Juanitas, PO1 Sandy D. Sabang, PO1 Ysmael Baraquir, PO1 Abbey Guiadem, PO1 Ebad Musa, PO1 Cader Datunot, PO1 Pia Kamidon, PO1 Dukoy Badal, PO1 Alfie Pagabangan, PO1 Warden Kusain Legawan, PO1 Jonathan Engid y Solaiman, PO1 Datu Nor Kadir, PO1 Joharto Kamindan, PO1 Anwar D. Masukat, Sgt. Abdullah Karim Falcon, Sgt. Banzar Maulana, Sgt. Abdul Sokor Abdullah, Sgt. Alnor Ampatuan, Datu Norodin "Nords" Datumanong Ampatuan, Hamid Delayudin, Datu Dainga Ampatuan, Rodel U. Ampatuan, Manny Upam Ampatuan, Misuari S. Ampatuan, Kertz B. Ampatuan, Tony Kenis Ampatuan, Jonathan S. Ampatuan, Intan B. Ampatuan, Mohades A. Ampatuan, Kagi Amar Ampatuan, Mohamad D. Ampatuan, Rek Tony T. Dek, Abas G. Anongan, Muhamad Sangki, Datutuhon M. Esmael, Alex U. Zaipon, Moactar T. Daud, Dhods A. Kamong, Alimudin S. Sanguyod, Fahad Watamama Utto, Surin K. Mentang, Haron K. Arob, Samsudin M. Daud, Theng P. Sali, Toktok K. Guiabal, Batuta G. Zailon, Macton A. Bilungan, Nasser S. Esmael, Abedin Alamada, Maot M. Bangkulat, Bong S. Andal, Mando M. Balangan, Rene Guiapal, Latip Gani, Alex Kadil, Kamper Silongan, Sukor S. Kamsa, Edres G. Kasan, Akad B. Macaton, Maot M. Dumla, Naser Talib, Sanggutin Musa, Rolex Kusen, Buto Umal, Surin Kayukay, Batuti K. Bara, Bassir L. Abdulmaguid, Gambayan M. Kasim, Mamugkay R. Camsa, Taya M. Bangkulat, Zamora G. Sambulawan, Salik S. Bangkulat, Tokan A. Pamsag, Abdul Maula E. Uday, Maguid S. Alba, Tho Akmad Amino, Tumi Timba Abas, Mads P. Utto, Abedin E. Kenny, Gie S. Takilid, Malaguial S. Tanuri, Zacaria P. Akil, Tintingan Kamad Makaalay, Andami M. Singkala, Nasrudin S. Guiamadil, Denga O. Mentol, Toy K. Datumanong, Samaon M. Andatuan, Kudza Masukat Uguia, Ibrahim Ibrahim, Salipad M. Tampogao, Talembo "Tammy" Masukat, Ben A. Mendog, Sahid A. Guiamadil, Abdullah Bacar Abdullah, Kominie K. Inggo, Esiam Mantawil, Mama Habib, Mohamad K. Macauyag, Rusty U. Daud, Kasim T. Lingkong, Abusama B. Guiapal, Rakim M. Amil, Datunot G. Ayob, Norman M. Tatak, Butukan S. Malang, Sonny K. Pindi, Kasim K. Dalending, Edris Tekay Nanding, Abdulkarim L. Manalasan, Maguid Amil Datun, Thong E. Guimano, Tino T. Sanday, Armando O. Ambalgan, Bolatokan Omar, Nasser M. Malaguia, Ebrahim M. Abon, Muktar Santo Kindu, Andro K. Awil, Upam S. Saudi, Samsudin R. Kamilon, Marco G. Enged, Dexson A. Saptula, Norhato M. Kamino, Mohamad T. Datumanong, Nasser I. Guia and Nasser Adam

DecidedDecember 19, 2019 (2019-12-19)CitationCriminal Case Nos. Q-09-162148-72, Q-09162216-31, Q-10-162652-66, Q-10-163766, and GL-Q-12-173638Transcript(s)DecisionPonenteJocelyn Solis Reyes

At least 198 suspects, including Andal Ampatuan Jr. and Andal Ampatuan Sr. and several other members of the Ampatuan clan, were charged with murder. In April 2010, the government dropped murder charges against Zaldy Ampatuan and Akhmad Ampatuan, who had presented alibis. This led to protests by family members of the victims.[47]

Over a decade later, more than 80 of 197 suspects remained at large, including 12 Ampatuans, raising concerns over the safety of witnesses and relatives of the victims.[48]

Senator Joker Arroyo remarked that with nearly 200 defendants and 300 witnesses, the trial could take 200 years.[49] Prosecution lawyer Harry Roque computed that it would last more than 100 years.[50] In a statement commemorating the massacre, the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility remarked that the trial was "ongoing, but is rather moving slowly."[51]

Andal Ampatuan Sr. was arraigned in a special court inside a Manila maximum-security prison on June 1, 2011, 18 months after he and a dozen family members were arrested over the killings. After a court clerk read the names of the 57 victims, he entered a plea of not guilty.[52]

As of November 23, 2011[update], two years after the massacre, only Andal Sr. and his son Andal Jr. had been charged, and some 100 of the 197 persons listed on the charge sheet were still unaccounted for.[53]

On June 28, 2012, the Court of Appeals dismissed the petition of Anwar Ampatuan to have the murder charges against him quashed.[54][55] Anwar Ampatuan is the grandson of former Maguindanao governor Andal Ampatuan Sr., and is charged with 57 counts of murder. He was arrested in August 2012. In September 2012, the Quezon City Regional Trial Court deferred his arraignment pending resolution of a pending motion to determine if there is probable cause to prosecute him for the charged 57 counts of murder.[56]

In November 2012, acting on a motion filed by Andal Ampatuan Jr., the Supreme Court set guidelines disallowing the live media broadcast of the trial but allowing the filming of the proceedings for real-time transmissions to specified viewing areas and for documentation. This ruling was in reconsideration of an earlier ruling which had allowed live media coverage.[57]

On March 4, 2014, the prosecution rested its case against Datu Andal "Unsay" Ampatuan Jr and 27 other suspects. The prosecutors said at that time that they were not ready to rest their case against 76 other accused due to pending appeals.[58]

In August 2014, private prosecutors alleged that state prosecutors were compromising the case in exchange for bribes, saying that some of the state prosecutors were receiving bribes as large as PHP300 million.[59] The Department of Justice issued an official statement where Supervising Undersecretary Francisco Baraan III and the Department of Justice Panel of Prosecutors denied having received any bribes. The statement also expressed that Baraan and the panel of prosecutors had the full trust and support of Justice Secretary Leila De Lima.[60]

Also in August 2014, several teams of defense lawyers representing the accused withdrew from the case, citing conflicts of interest among their clients and other reasons.[61] On August 13, the court assigned a public lawyer to represent accused affected by the withdrawals, including Andal Ampatuan Sr. and his son Andal Jr.[62]

Datu Sajid Islam Ampatuan was granted bail in January 2015 as the prosecution failed to present strong evidence warranting his detention during trial. In September, the court denied the bail petition of Ampatuan Sr's other son and one of the main accused, former Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) governor Zaldy Ampatuan. The death of Andal Ampatuan Sr. on July 17, 2015, due to complications brought about by liver cancer, removed him from the legal proceedings. The Department of Justice started the probe of 50 new suspects with a preliminary investigation in March 2015.[63]

In a landmark ruling reported on July 6, 2017, the special court handling the trial dismissed for lack of evidence the multiple murder case filed against three suspects: Kominie Inggo, Dexson Saptula and Abas Anongan.[64] On November 22, 2017, the Public Information Office of the Supreme Court said in a briefing that around a third of the 103 accused who remain on trial had finished presenting their evidence and that, under the guidelines issued by the Supreme Court specifically applying to this case only, the court may render judgment separately and not wait for all the accused to conclude presenting their evidence.[65] On June 21, 2018, Philippine Justice Secretary Menardo Guevarra said that he expected the case to be concluded in 2018.[66] In a later statement on November 21, he said that he was hopeful of a decision within the first half of 2019.[67] On August 8, 2019, Justice Secretary Menardo Guevarra said that the case may be decided before its 10th anniversary on November 23.[68]

Verdict[edit]

On December 19, 2019, Quezon City Regional Trial Court (RTC) Branch 221 Judge Jocelyn Solis Reyes served her judgment on the case at a special court session held at Camp Bagong Diwa in Taguig. In her verdict, the Ampatuan brothers—namely Datu Andal Ampatuan Jr. and Zaldy Ampatuan—were convicted of 57 counts of murder and sentenced to reclusion perpetua without parole. 28 co-accused (including police officers) were also convicted of 57 counts of murder and sentenced to 40 years; an additional 15 were sentenced to 6–10 years for being accessories to the crime. 55 others, including Datu Sajid Islam Ampatuan, brother of Zaldy and Andal Jr. and the mayor of Shariff Saydona Mustapha, Maguindanao, were acquitted.[69][4]

Victims[edit]

Monument, National Press Club of the Philippines

Mangudadatu family and associates[edit]

Name

Description

Genalyn Tiamson-Mangudadatu

Wife of Esmael Mangudadatu.

Eden Mangudadatu

Municipal Vice Mayor of Mangudadatu, Maguindanao, sister of Esmael Mangudadatu.

Rowena Mangudadatu

Cousin of Esmael Mangudadatu.

Manguba Mangudadatu

Aunt of Esmael Mangudadatu.[70]

Faridah Sabdulah

Lawyer[71]

Farida Mangudadatu

Sister of Esmael Mangudadatu.[70]

Farina Mangudadatu

Sister of Esmael Mangudadatu.

Concepcion "Connie" Brizuela, 56

Lawyer.[72]

Cynthia Oquendo, 36

Lawyer.

Catalino Oquendo

Cynthia Oquendo's father.

Rasul Daud

Driver of Sultan Kudarat Rep. Pax Mangudadatu.[70]

Journalists[edit]

Thirty-four journalists are known to have been abducted and killed in the massacre, according to the Philippine Daily Inquirer as of November 2009[update], only 25 had been positively identified.[9]

Name

Description

Alejandro "Bong" Reblando,[9] 53

Manila Bulletin correspondent,[73] a former Associated Press reporter.[74]

Henry Araneta

DZRH correspondent based in General Santos[9]

Napoleon "Nap" Salaysay[9]

DZRO manager.

Bartolome "Bart" Maravilla

Bombo Radyo Koronadal, South Cotabato.[9]

Jhoy Duhay

Goldstar Daily.[9]

Andy Teodoro

Central Mindanao Inquirer reporter.[9]

Ian Subang

Mindanao Focus, a General Santos-based weekly community newspaper.[9]

Leah Dalmacio

Mindanao Focus reporter.[9]

Gina Dela Cruz

Mindanao Focus reporter.[9]

Maritess Cablitas

Mindanao Focus reporter.[9]

Neneng Montano

Saksi weekly newspaper reporter.[9]

Victor Nuñez

UNTV reporter.[9]

Ronnie I. Diola

UNTV cameraman.

Jolito Evardo

UNTV editor

Daniel Tiamson

UNTV driver

Reynaldo Momay

Koronadal-based journalist.[9]

Rey Merisco

Koronadal-based journalist.[9]

Ronnie Perante

Koronadal-based journalist.[9]

Jun Legarta

Koronadal-based journalist.[9]

Val Cachuela

Koronadal-based journalist.[9]

Santos "Jun" Gatchalian

Davao City-based journalist.

Joel Parcon[9]

Freelance journalist.

Noel Decena[9]

Freelance journalist.

John Caniba[9]

Freelance journalist.

Art Betia[9]

Freelance journalist.

Ranie Razon[9]

Freelance journalist.

Archie Ace David

Freelance journalist.

Fernanado "Ferdz" Mendoza

Freelance driver.

Other civilian casualties[edit]

Red Toyota Vios

Number of casualties: 5. They were supposedly mistaken as part of the convoy.[75]

Name

Description

Eduardo Lechonsito

Tacurong government employee.

Cecille Lechonsito

Wife of Eduardo Lechonsito.

Mercy Palabrica

Co-worker of Eduardo Lechonsito.

Daryll delos Reyes

Co-worker of Eduardo Lechonsito.

Wilhelm Palabrica[75]

Driver.

Blue Toyota FX

Number of casualties: 1. Mistaken as part of the convoy.[5]

Name

Description

Anthony Ridao

National Statistics Coordination Board employee and son of Cotabato City councilor Marino Ridao.

Human Rights Watch report[edit]

On November 16, 2010, the international non-governmental organization Human Rights Watch issued a 96-page report titled "They Own the People", charting the Ampatuans’ rise to power, including their use of violence to expand their control and eliminate threats to the family's rule.[76] The report links the Ampatuans to at least 56 other killings over the last 20 years, apart from the November 23, 2009, massacre.[77]

In popular culture[edit]

Symbolic 'Impuni-tree' planted for 3rd anniversary of Maguindanao massacre (University of the Philippines College of Mass Communication, UP Diliman).

History Asia premiered a documentary on the Maguindanao massacre entitled The Maguindanao Massacre on September 26, 2010.[78]

Filipino-American rap artist Bambu's 2012 album, ...one rifle per family., features a song titled Massacre detailing the massacre from the point of view of a journalist who witnessed the rape, mutilation, and murder of his family.[79]

In July 2014, in memory of the five-year anniversary of the massacre, Sacramento-based author Victoria Conlu released a novel titled Portraits of a Massacre, a fictionalized retelling set in a province similar to Maguindanao. Reviews have called the book "a stirringly severe literary intervention".[80]

The 2017 painting The Modern Holocaust (The Maguindanao Massacre) by the Filipino artist Romulo Galicano commemorates the massacre victims. It became a finalist in the 2017–2018 Art Renewal Center Salon competition.[81]

The 2021 crime thriller On the Job: The Missing 8 (also known as On the Job 2 is partly inspired by the case. In the film, 8 people, mostly journalists, were ambushed, killed and was believed to be buried under the orders of their town's mayor, by an inmate who is routinely released from prison to carry out assassinations. The director Erik Matti said to New Musical Express (NME) that the film's themes were about tackling corruption in the Philippine media and would deliver a social commentary on the current state of the Philippine government.[82]

Sexual assaults[edit]

Lara Tan reporting for CNN Philippines on December 20, 2019, reported that three of the massacre's female victims, Rahima Palawan, Leah Dalmacio, and Cecil Lechonsito, were all devout and peaceful adherents of the Muslim faith, believing that women should not be raped or murdered while exercising the right to free speech.[citation needed]

The Quezon City Regional Trial Court found that the three women had been sexually assaulted and mutilated. In her 761-page decision, Judge Jocelyn Solis-Reyes cited the findings of Dr. Dean Cabrera, a medico-legal officer from the Philippines National Police Crime Laboratory who conducted forensic science examinations on the women victims.[83]

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FROM THE FIELD: A genocide timeline; Srebrenica massacre remembered

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Items recovered in a warehouse in the former Yugoslavia where men and boys were held, were used as evidence in trials at the ICTY.

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FROM THE FIELD: A genocide timeline; Srebrenica massacre remembered

20 July 2021

Human RightsSurvivors of a massacre of mainly Muslims in the former Yugoslavia, and people associated with the perpetrators of what has become known as the Srebrenica genocide, have been telling their stories in a new exhibition by the United Nations, released 26 years after the events took place.

Some 8,000 boys and men were killed by Bosnian Serb forces when they overran the town of Srebrenica during a regional war in the Balkans in July 1995, the largest atrocity on European soil since the Second World War.

The exhibition in the form of a timeline, explains how the genocide was planned and carried out.

It’s been staged by the UN’s International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (IRMCT) based in The Hague. The IRMCT replaced the International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), a court also established by the UN to prosecute those persons responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in the territory of the former Yugoslavia.

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MASSACRE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

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比特派安卓版下载|massacre

比特派安卓版下载|massacre

Massacre - Wikipedia

List of massacres in the Philippines - Wikipedia

Massacre Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

MASSACRE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

The Buffalo supermarket massacre is the latest mass shooting authorities say was motivated by hate. Here are others | CNN

Maguindanao massacre - Wikipedia

FAST FACTS: Balangiga Massacre

Dangerous conditions still prevail 13 years after Maguindanao Massacre

FROM THE FIELD: A genocide timeline; Srebrenica massacre remembered | UN News

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